Association between Alzheimer's disease and Porphyromonas gingivalis products in murine models: A systematic review

Figure 1 PRISMA flow diagram. Diagram illustrating the selection process for the included studies based on PRISMA 2020 guidelines.

Figure 2 Risk of bias assessment using the SYRCLE tool. Visualization of the individual domains of the SYRCLE risk of bias tool as applied to each included animal study.

Figure 3 Percentage of risk of bias. Bar graph summarizing the distribution of risk of bias (low, high, unclear) across all assessed studies by domain.

Figure 4 Bacterial products analyzed per article. Number of bacterial products (e.g., lipopolysaccharides, gingipains) investigated in each of the 24 studies included in the systematic review. OMV: Outer membrane vesicle.

Figure 5 Percentage of mention of bacterial products. Pie chart showing the frequency of specific Porphyromonas gingivalis products (e.g., Lipopolysaccharides, gingipains, bacterial DNA) mentioned across the studies. OMV: Outer membrane vesicle.

Figure 6 Types of host factors associated with Porphyromonas gingivalis infection. Distribution of activated host factors (e.g., glial cells, proteins, cytokines) reported in murine models of Alzheimer’s disease after Porphyromonas gingivalis exposure.