©Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026.
World J Gastrointest Surg. Feb 27, 2026; 18(2): 113103
Published online Feb 27, 2026. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v18.i2.113103
Published online Feb 27, 2026. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v18.i2.113103
Table 1 Patient baseline information, n (%)/mean ± SD
| General data | Two-port group (n = 80) | Four-port group (n = 70) | χ2/Z/t | P value |
| Sex | 0.058 | 0.809 | ||
| Male | 45 (56.25) | 38 (54.29) | ||
| Female | 35 (43.75) | 32 (45.71) | ||
| Age (years) | 57.20 ± 7.30 | 59.29 ± 9.21 | 1.549 | 0.124 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 22.00 (20.00, 24.00) | 22.00 (20.00, 25.00) | -0.195 | 0.845 |
| Tumor, node, metastasis stage | 1.306 | 0.520 | ||
| I | 24 (30.00) | 17 (24.29) | ||
| II | 22 (27.50) | 25 (35.71) | ||
| III | 34 (42.50) | 28 (40.00) | ||
| Lesion location | 0.076 | 0.782 | ||
| Colon cancer | 52 (65.00) | 47 (67.14) | ||
| Rectal cancer | 28 (35.00) | 23 (32.86) | ||
| Tumor diameter (cm) | 4.09 ± 1.24 | 3.83 ± 1.39 | 1.211 | 0.228 |
Table 2 Comparative operative measures, mean ± SD
| Operative measures | Two-port group (n = 80) | Four-port group (n = 70) | t value | P value |
| Surgical duration (minutes) | 99.69 ± 13.85 | 103.07 ± 17.51 | 1.319 | 0.189 |
| Intraoperative hemorrhage volume (mL) | 28.27 ± 8.53 | 30.63 ± 10.85 | 1.489 | 0.139 |
| Cumulative incision length (cm) | 5.58 ± 0.80 | 8.96 ± 1.20 | 20.520 | < 0.001 |
Table 3 Postoperative recovery comparison, mean ± SD
| Postoperative recovery indexes | Two-port group (n = 80) | Four-port group (n = 70) | t value | P value |
| Time to first flatus (hours) | 46.64 ± 7.98 | 65.54 ± 10.67 | 12.376 | < 0.001 |
| Ambulation initiation (hours) | 29.52 ± 7.97 | 35.11 ± 10.05 | 3.795 | < 0.001 |
| Hospital stays duration (days) | 8.46 ± 1.76 | 10.66 ± 2.39 | 6.470 | < 0.001 |
Table 4 Complications across study groups, n (%)
| Complications | Two-port group (n = 80) | Four-port group (n = 70) | χ2 | P value |
| Ileus | 0 (0.00) | 1 (1.43) | ||
| Anastomotic fistula | 2 (2.50) | 2 (2.86) | ||
| Surgical site infection | 1 (1.25) | 3 (4.29) | ||
| Postoperative bleeding | 0 (0.00) | 2 (2.86) | ||
| Uroschesis | 2 (2.50) | 5 (7.14) | ||
| Intraperitoneal abscess | 3 (3.75) | 4 (5.71) | ||
| Total | 8 (10.00) | 17 (24.29) | 5.486 | 0.019 |
- Citation: Xia HX, Peng S. Two-port vs four-port laparoscopic resection for colorectal cancer: Efficacy and outcomes. World J Gastrointest Surg 2026; 18(2): 113103
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-9366/full/v18/i2/113103.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4240/wjgs.v18.i2.113103