Therapeutic outcomes and predictors of efficacy for endoscopic variceal ligation plus propranolol in liver cirrhosis-related upper gastrointestinal bleeding

Table 1 Demographic and baseline clinical characteristics of the study population

Baseline data	Control group (n = 49)	Research group (n = 50)	χ2/t	P value
Gender, n (%)			0.624	0.430
Male	35 (71.43)	32 (64.00)
Female	14 (28.57)	18 (36.00)
Age (years)	53.86 ± 7.03	56.32 ± 9.23	1.490	0.140
Cirrhosis duration (years)	3.61 ± 1.38	4.12 ± 1.75	1.608	0.111
Child-Pugh grade, n (%)			1.974	0.373
A	25 (51.02)	20 (40.00)
B	20 (40.82)	22 (44.00)
C	4 (8.16)	8 (16.00)
Bleeding duration (hour)	21.16 ± 4.45	23.10 ± 6.45	1.739	0.085
Bleeding volume (mL)	598.39 ± 70.59	593.50 ± 73.38	0.338	0.736

Table 2 Comparative analysis of treatment efficacy, n (%)

Clinical efficacy	Control group (n = 49)	Research group (n = 50)	χ2	P value
Markedly effective	22 (44.90)	28 (56.00)
Effective	15 (30.61)	18 (36.00)
Ineffective	12 (24.49)	4 (8.00)
Total efficacy	37 (75.51)	46 (92.00)	4.966	0.026

Table 3 Univariate analysis of efficacy predictors, n (%)

Factor	Ineffective group (n = 16)	Effective group (n = 83)	χ2	P value
Gender			0.234	0.629
Male (n = 67)	10 (62.50)	57 (68.67)
Female (n = 32)	6 (37.50)	26 (31.33)
Age (years)			-	0.014
< 55 (n = 47)	3 (18.75)	44 (53.01)
≥ 55 (n = 52)	13 (81.25)	39 (46.99)
Cirrhosis duration (years)			-	0.013
< 4 (n = 40)	2 (12.50)	38 (45.78)
≥ 4 (n = 59)	14 (87.50)	45 (54.22)
Child-Pugh grade			1.553	0.213
A (n = 45)	5 (31.25)	40 (48.19)
B/C (n = 54)	11 (68.75)	43 (51.81)
Bleeding duration (hour)			5.634	0.018
< 24 (n = 63)	6 (37.50)	57 (68.67)
≥ 24 (n = 36)	10 (62.50)	26 (31.33)
Bleeding volume (mL)			0.159	0.690
< 600 (n = 54)	8 (50.00)	46 (55.42)
≥ 600 (n = 45)	8 (50.00)	37 (44.58)
Treatment approach			-	0.031
Endoscopic variceal ligation (n = 49)	12 (75.00)	37 (44.58)
Endoscopic variceal ligation + propranolol (n = 50)	4 (25.00)	46 (55.42)

Table 4 Multivariate regression analysis of efficacy predictors

Factor	β	SE	Wald	P value	OR	95%CI
Age (years)	2.028	0.751	7.284	0.007	7.596	1.742-33.114
Cirrhosis duration (years)	2.048	0.868	5.563	0.018	7.750	1.414-42.485
Bleeding duration (hour)	1.368	0.662	4.270	0.039	3.926	1.073-14.366
Treatment approach	-1.575	0.701	5.046	0.025	0.207	0.052-0.818

OR: Odds ratio; 95%CI: 95% confidence interval.