Effect of early stepwise nutrition management on feeding tolerance of postoperative patients with gastric cancer

Table 1 Baseline data, mean ± SD

Item	Control group	Observation group	t/χ²	P value
Age (years)	54.12 ± 7.89	54.42 ± 7.13	-0.226	0.842
Sex			0.048	0.872
Male	38	40
Female	30	34
Duration (months)	2.12 ± 0.31	2.06 ± 0.37	0.231	0.819
Body weight (kg)	57.56 ± 18.74	58.98 ± 20.65	0.384	0.904
Hypertension			0.183	0.669
Yes	27	32
No	41	42
Diabetes			0.123	0.726
Yes	22	26
No	46	48

Table 2 Comparison of the recovery of gastrointestinal function between the two patient groups, mean ± SD

Item	Length of hospital stay (days)	Bowel sound recovery time (hours)	First defecation time (hours)	Time of first defecation (hours)
Control group	14.89 ± 4.13	37.95 ± 3.64	61.12 ± 6.78	71.64 ± 8.51
Observation group	12.63 ± 3.79	37.23 ± 3.76	60.85 ± 7.01	68.02 ± 7.40
t value	5.892	0.141	0.293	4.713
P value	0.000	0.972	0.766	0.000

Table 3 Comparison of postoperative serological indicators between the two patient groups, mean ± SD

Item	Hemoglobin (g/L)	Albumin (g/L)	Serum total protein (g/L)	Prealbumin (mg/L)	Transferrin (g/L)	C-reactive protein (mg/L)	Procalcitonin (ng/L)
1 day before the operation
Control group	108.25 ± 8.12	35.68 ± 2.65	48.65 ± 6.01	216.45 ± 28.37	2.17 ± 0.75	8.17 ± 1.63	1.04 ± 0.43
Observation group	107.43 ± 5.67	34.71 ± 1.98	49.21 ± 5.54	220.12 ± 30.75	2.20 ± 0.68	8.43 ± 1.46	0.98 ± 0.34
t value	0.243	0.226	-0.188	-0.328	-0.215	-0.432	0.285
P value	0.804	0.823	0.815	0.742	0.784	0.731	0.784
7 days after the operation
Control group	110.32 ± 5.43	38.87 ± 2.98	56.68 ± 5.87	264.58 ± 25.61	2.20 ± 0.63	6.34 ± 1.27	0.76 ± 0.33
Observation group	117.68 ± 6.07	39.45 ± 3.41	58.75 ± 6.35	300.47 ± 38.38	2.76 ± 0.88	5.96 ± 1.45	0.42 ± 0.25
t value	-2.475	-1.052	-0.977	-2.786	-2.584	1.003	2.645
P value	0.025	0.284	0.324	0.010	0.032	0.312	0.035

Table 4 Comparison of immunological indexes of the two groups (g/L), mean ± SD

Item	Immunoglobulin A		Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin M
	1 day before operation	7 days after operation	1 day before operation	7 days after operation	1 day before operation	7 days after operation
Control group	2.03 ± 0.41	1.51 ± 0.37	5.53 ± 0.87	4.29 ± 0.73	0.81 ± 0.10	0.54 ± 0.07
Observation group	1.98 ± 0.39	1.82 ± 0.31	5.56 ± 0.79	5.09 ± 0.66	0.79 ± 0.08	0.62 ± 0.05
t value	0.193	-6.125	-0.087	-5.287	0.273	-2.986
P value	0.862	0.000	0.981	0.000	0.741	0.011

Table 5 Comparison of nutritional status of the two groups, mean ± SD

Item	Body mass index (kg/m2)		Upper arm muscle circumference (cm)		Triceps skinfold thickness(cm)
	IgG	IgM	IgG	IgM	IgG	IgM
Control group	19.76 ± 3.18	18.96 ± 2.98	20.11 ± 4.09	20.03 ± 3.77	1.03 ± 0.11	0.87 ± 0.13
Observation group	19.81 ± 3.02	19.43 ± 2.76	20.01 ± 3.98	19.95 ± 3.84	1.01 ± 0.12	0.94 ± 0.06
t value	-0.317	-2.997	0.968	0.752	0.912	2.007
P value	0.809	0.008	0.253	0.421	0.287	0.041

IgG: Immunoglobulin G; IgM: Immunoglobulin M.

Table 6 Comparison of the incidence of feeding intolerance between the two groups, n (%)

Item	Nausea and vomiting	Aspiration of aspiration	Diarrhea	Abdominal pain and distention	Gastric retention	Infection	Others	Total number of cases
Control group	2	1	2	2	0	1	1	9 (13.2)
Observation group	1	0	1	1	0	0	0	3 (4.1)
t value	0.433	1.096	0.433	0.433	-	1.096	1.096	3.861
P value	0.510	0.295	0.510	0.510	-	0.295	0.295	0.049

Others include intestinal obstruction, gastrointestinal bleeding, and anastomotic leakage.