Analysis of risk factors for disease recurrence after endoscopic submucosal dissection of early esophageal cancer

Table 1 Clinical data of patients with early-stage oesophageal cancer, mean ± SD

Characteristic	Esophageal cancer (n = 210)	Percentage (%)
Gender
Male	168	80
Female	42	20
Age (years)	62.53 ± 7.82
Elderly status
≥ 65 years	84	40
< 65 years	126	60
Endoscopic ultrasound examination
Examined	147	70
Not examined	63	30
Tumor location
Upper third	0	0
Middle third	161	76.67
Lower third	49	23.33
Tumor size (cm)	2.49 ± 1.25
Differentiation degree
Well differentiated	105	50
Moderately differentiated	77	36.67
Poorly differentiated	28	13.33
Invasion depth
Mucosal lamina propria	133	63.33
Muscularis mucosa	63	30
Submucosal layer	14	6.67

Table 2 Clinical features of the recurrence group and the recurrence-free group, mean ± SD/n (%)

Characteristic	Recurrence group (n = 30)	Non-recurrence group (n = 180)	P value
Gender			0.068
Male	17 (56.67)	151 (83.89)
Female	13 (43.33)	29 (16.11)
Age (years)			0.473
≥ 65 years	11 (36.67)	73 (40.56)
< 65 years	19 (63.33)	107 (59.44)
Endoscopic ultrasound examination			0.262
Examined	16 (53.33)	131 (72.78)	0.713
Not examined	14 (46.67)	49 (27.22)
Tumor location
Upper third			0.173
Middle third	18 (60)	143 (79.44)
Lower third	12 (40)	37 (20.56)
Tumor size (cm)	2.56 ± 1.05	1.87 ± 0.79	< 0.001
Differentiation degree			< 0.001
Well differentiated	9 (30)	96 (53.33)
Moderately differentiated	7 (23.33)	70 (38.89)
Poorly differentiated	14 (46.67)	14 (7.78)
Invasion depth			< 0.001
Mucosal lamina propria	11 (36.67)	122 (67.78)
Muscularis mucosa	9 (30)	54 (30)
Submucosal layer	10 (33.33)	4 (2.22)
Complete tumor resection			< 0.001
Yes	19 (63.33)	169 (93.89)
No	11 (36.67)	11 (6.11)

Table 3 Description of assignment

Item	Assignment
Tumor size (cm)	Tumor size ≥ 2 cm = 1; tumor size < 2 cm = 0
Differentiation degree	Poorly differentiated = 1; well + moderately differentiated = 0
Invasion depth	Submucosal layer = 1; mucosal lamina propria + muscularis mucosa = 0
Complete tumor resection	No = 1; yes = 0

Table 4 Binary logistic regression analysis

Risk factor	P value	OR	95%CI
Poorly vs well + moderately	< 0.001	1.782	1.154-2.196
Submucosal layer vs mucosal lamina propria + muscularis mucosa	< 0.001	1.573	1.073-2.481
Complete tumor resection	0.001	2.189	1.193-3.125
Tumor size ≥ 2 cm	0.005	1.981	1.482-2.862

OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval.