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©The Author(s) 2025.
World J Gastrointest Surg. Nov 27, 2025; 17(11): 111138
Published online Nov 27, 2025. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v17.i11.111138
Published online Nov 27, 2025. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v17.i11.111138
Table 1 General information comparison of 178 patients with colorectal cancer liver metastases, n (%)
| Project | Control group (n = 90) | Relapse group (n = 88) | χ2 value | P value |
| Age | 1.71 | 0.079 | ||
| < 60 years old | 29 (32.22) | 35 (39.77) | ||
| ≥ 60 years old | 61 (67.78) | 53 (60.23) | ||
| Gender | 2.84 | 0.060 | ||
| Male | 51 (56.67) | 55 (62.50) | ||
| Female | 39 (43.33) | 33 (37.50) | ||
| Maximum diameter of tumor | 1.42 | 0.090 | ||
| < 5 cm | 52 (57.78) | 59 (67.05) | ||
| ≥ 5 cm | 38 (42.22) | 29 (32.95) | ||
| Primary site | 7.44 | 0.016 | ||
| Left colon | 17 (7.78) | 23 (26.14) | ||
| Right hemicolon | 21 (23.34) | 49 (55.68) | ||
| Rectum | 52 (57.78) | 16 (18.18) | ||
| T installment | 2.05 | 0.068 | ||
| T1-T2 | 46 (51.11) | 43 (48.86) | ||
| T3-T4 | 44 (48.89) | 45 (41.14) | ||
| Degree of differentiation | 4.54 | 0.044 | ||
| Low | 21 (23.33) | 46 (52.27) | ||
| Middling | 31 (34.44) | 28 (31.82) | ||
| Tall | 38 (42.23) | 14 (15.91) | ||
| Lymph node metastasis | 6.88 | 0.022 | ||
| Yes | 37 (41.11) | 81 (92.05) | ||
| No | 53 (58.89) | 7 (7.95) | ||
| Invasion depth | 7.85 | 0.013 | ||
| Subserosal | 22 (24.44) | 34 (38.64) | ||
| Gull-thickness | 29 (32.22) | 42 (47.73) | ||
| Muscularis | 29 (32.22) | 12 (13.63) | ||
| Mucosal layer | 10 (11.12) | 0 (0.00) | ||
| Pathological biopsy | ||||
| Protruded type | 40 (44.44) | 16 (18.18) | ||
| Infiltrative ulcer type | 50 (55.56) | 72 (81.82) | ||
| Vascular cancer thrombus | 2.54 | 0.063 | ||
| Yes | 18 (20.00) | 8 (9.09) | ||
| No | 72 (80.00) | 80 (90.91) | ||
| Number of liver metastases | 1.36 | 0.243 | ||
| 1 piece | 55 (61.11) | 46 (52.27) | ||
| > 1 piece | 35 (38.89) | 42 (47.73) | ||
| Surgical margin of liver metastases | 28.30 | 0.005 | ||
| < 1 cm | 13 (14.44) | 50 (56.82) | ||
| ≥ 1 cm | 77 (85.56) | 33 (43.18) | ||
| Liver metastasis area | 1.44 | 0.089 | ||
| Simple leaf | 39 (43.33) | 34 (38.64) | ||
| Double leaf | 51 (56.67) | 54 (61.36) | ||
| Simultaneous liver resection | 0.24 | 0.627 | ||
| Yes | 74 (82.22) | 67 (76.14) | ||
| No | 16 (17.78) | 21 (23.86) | ||
| Lung metastasis | 2.09 | 0.148 | ||
| Yes | 15 (16.67) | 19 (21.59) | ||
| No | 75 (83.33) | 69 (78.41) |
Table 2 Clinical data comparison of 178 patients with liver metastases from colorectal cancer, n (%)/mean ± SD
| Project | Control group (n = 90) | Relapse group (n = 88) | χ2/t value | P value |
| Surgical method | 0.24 | 0.625 | ||
| Open surgery | 16 (17.78) | 19 (21.59) | ||
| Laparoscope | 74 (82.22) | 69 (78.41) | ||
| Blood loss | 1.98 | 0.070 | ||
| < 1000 mL | 55 (61.11) | 48 (54.55) | ||
| ≥ 1000 mL | 35 (38.89) | 40 (45.45) | ||
| Intraoperative blood transfusion | 0.67 | 0.413 | ||
| Yes | 44 (48.89) | 40 (45.45) | ||
| No | 46 (51.11) | 43 (54.55) | ||
| Carcinoembryonic antigen (μg/L) | 6.34 ± 1.92 | 7.05 ± 2.39 | 2.87 | 0.004 |
| Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (kU/L) | 38.75 ± 13.18 | 41.26 ± 15.87 | 1.31 | 0.190 |
| D-dimer (μg/L) | 178.39 ± 31.74 | 190.34 ± 45.38 | 2.40 | 0.017 |
| Albumin (g/L) | 30.67 ± 6.45 | 28.96 ± 5.92 | 2.01 | 0.045 |
| SICAM-1 (μg/L) | 192.58 ± 27.93 | 202.45 ± 32.35 | 2.47 | 0.014 |
| White blood cells (× 109/L) | 7.82 ± 1.56 | 8.85 ± 2.03 | 2.46 | 0.015 |
| Platelets (× 109/L) | 220.35 ± 54.62 | 248.65 ± 64.36 | 2.14 | 0.034 |
| Fibrinogen (g/L) | 3.65 ± 1.03 | 4.51 ± 1.26 | 2.93 | 0.004 |
| C-reactive protein (mg/L) | 32.85 ± 5.69 | 31.18 ± 14.48 | 0.65 | 0.516 |
| Hemoglobin (g/L) | 123.69 ± 16.33 | 124.28 ± 17.36 | 0.19 | 0.849 |
| Prothrombin time (s) | 12.26 ± 2.75 | 12.83 ± 2.82 | 1.81 | 0.277 |
| Activated partial thromboplastin time (s) | 28.27 ± 6.78 | 28.83 ± 7.26 | 0.42 | 0.676 |
| Efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy | 5.00 | 0.040 | ||
| Effective | 74 (82.22) | 50 (56.82) | ||
| Invalid/not done | 16 (17.78) | 33 (43.18) | ||
| Targeted therapy | 2.08 | 0.149 | ||
| Yes | 37 (41.11) | 45 (51.14) | ||
| No | 53 (58.89) | 43 (48.86) | ||
| Standardized adjuvant chemotherapy after surgery | 0.41 | 0.523 | ||
| Yes | 73 (81.11) | 74 (84.09) | ||
| No | 17 (18.89) | 14 (15.91) | ||
| Clinical risk score | 8.03 | 0.005 | ||
| Yes | 59 (65.56) | 41 (46.59) | ||
| No | 31 (34.44) | 47 (53.41) |
Table 3 Comparison of postoperative complication rates in patients with different primary sites, n (%)/mean ± SD
| Complication type | Control group (n = 90) | Relapse group (n = 88) | Statistic | P value |
| Postoperative infection rate | 7 (7.78) | 16 (18.18) | χ2 = 4.23 | 0.039 |
| Postoperative bleeding rate | 2 (2.22) | 10 (11.36) | χ2 = 3.91 | 0.048 |
| Average postoperative length of stay (days) | 11.5 ± 2.9 | 14.2 ± 3.8 | F = 5.67 | 0.004 |
| Postoperative intestinal obstruction rate | 4 (4.44) | 8 (9.09) | χ2 = 2.10 | 0.150 |
| Postoperative anastomotic leak rate | 3 (3.33) | 7 (7.95) | χ2 = 2.45 | 0.120 |
| Postoperative deep vein thrombosis rate | 2 (2.22) | 5 (5.68) | χ2 = 1.00 | 0.320 |
| Postoperative pulmonary embolism rate | 1 (1.11) | 4 (4.55) | χ2 = 2.00 | 0.160 |
- Citation: Liu DM, Yang XY, Zheng HH, Chen PM, Zeng SK, Wei YF. Impact of primary colorectal cancer site on surgical outcomes for liver metastases: A retrospective study. World J Gastrointest Surg 2025; 17(11): 111138
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-9366/full/v17/i11/111138.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4240/wjgs.v17.i11.111138