Augmented intelligence in “robotic” liver surgery: Integrating augmented reality and artificial intelligence for real-time navigation and margin precision

doi:10.4240/wjgs.v18.i2.116351

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Feb 27, 2026 (publication date) through Feb 26, 2026

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery

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1948-9366

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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©Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026. No commercial re-use. See Permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Gastrointest Surg. Feb 27, 2026; 18(2): 116351
Published online Feb 27, 2026. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v18.i2.116351

Augmented intelligence in “robotic” liver surgery: Integrating augmented reality and artificial intelligence for real-time navigation and margin precision

Sofia Rozani

Sofia Rozani, 2^nd Department of Surgery, Aretaieio University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 11528, Greece

Author contributions: Rozani S contributed to every part of this manuscript.

Conflict-of-interest statement: The author has no conflicts of interest and no financial disclosure.

Corresponding author: Sofia Rozani, MD, PhD, Academic Fellow, Research Fellow, 2^nd Department of Surgery, Aretaieio University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Vas Sofias Street 76, Athens 11528, Greece. sofrozan@gmail.com

Received: November 10, 2025
Revised: December 9, 2025
Accepted: December 26, 2025
Published online: February 27, 2026
Processing time: 109 Days and 8.6 Hours

Core Tip

Core Tip: The integration of augmented reality and artificial intelligence into “robotic” liver surgery represents a transformative advancement in precision and decision-making. Surgeons can enhance real-time visualization of tumors, vasculature, and critical anatomy, reducing errors and improving surgical margins. However, challenges such as organ deformation and registration accuracy must be addressed for widespread adoption. As these innovative technologies evolve and standardization improves, augmented intelligence will not only boost the safety and precision of liver resections but also pave the way for personalized, data-driven surgical approaches that optimize robotic surgical outcomes for each patient.