Risk factors and a predictive model of diabetic foot in hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes

Figure 1 Process of analyses. DF: Diabetic foot; FPG: Fasting plasma glucose; LASSO: Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator.

Figure 2 Predictive variable selection via the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator Cox regression model. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator Cox regression model was constructed from 20 candidate variables, and the minimum standard was adopted to obtain the value of the super parameter λ by 10-fold cross-validation for variable selection. Dotted vertical lines were drawn at the optimal values by using the minimum criteria and the 1 standard error (SE) from the minimum criteria (the 1 - SE criteria).

Figure 3 Age- and sex- adjusted restricted cubic spline modeling of the relationships of fasting plasma glucose and albumin with the risk of new-onset diabetic foot. A: Effect of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) on the risk of new-onset diabetic foot; B: Effect of serum albumin on the risk of new-onset diabetic foot. HR: Hazard ratio.

Figure 4 Kaplan-Meier curves of new-onset diabetic foot cumulative hazard for patients with type 2 diabetes grouped by different levels of fasting plasma glucose. FPG: Fasting plasma glucose.