Global trends and hotspots of type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents: A bibliometric study and visualization analysis

Figure 1 Detailed process for literature screening.

Figure 2 Articles related to the study of type 2 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents. A: Annual number of publications; B: Annual number of citations.

Figure 3 Contribution of different countries to the study of type 2 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents. A: Map of country collaborations related to type 2 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents. The circles in the graph represent countries and the lines between the circles represent collaborations between countries; B: Timeline of national policy issuance; C: World map of the intensity of cooperation between countries; D: A circle diagram that evaluates international collaboration between clusters; E: Top 10 in terms of co-citation frequency; F: Top 10 countries for H-index.

Figure 4 Authors involved in the study of type 2 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents. A: Co-occurrence of authors; B: Top 10 authors in terms of number of publications; C: CiteSpace visualization of co-cited authors. The outer circle is the key cited author with more than 400 articles, the middle 300-400, and the inner circle less than 300; D: Top 10 authors in terms of co-citations. The size of the circles in the diagram represents the number of articles posted by authors; the connecting lines represent communication and interaction between authors.

Figure 5 Visualization of institutions conducting research related to type 2 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents.

Figure 6 Visualisation of source journal and co-cited journals on type 2 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents. A: Map of source journal related to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in children and adolescents; B: Visualisation of co-cited journals on T2DM in children and adolescents. Co-cited journals are indicated by circles in the graph; interactions between journals are indicated by connecting lines; C: A biplot overlay of journals on T2DM in children and adolescents (left side represents areas covered by citing journals, right side represents areas covered by cited journals).

Figure 7 Visualisation of co-cited literature on type 2 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents. A: References co-citation network. Circles represent co-cited literature; B: Density visualization of co-cited references; C: CiteSpace visualization of co-cited references, the outer circle refers to articles that have been cited more than 100 times and have the highest connection strength, while the inner refers to articles that have been cited less than 100 times and have the highest connection strength; D: Cluster analysis of co-cited references; E: Timeline graph of cluster analysis; F: Timeline distribution of top 25 references with the strongest citation bursts.

Figure 8 The mapping on keywords of type 2 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents. A: Network diagram of 1000 keywords appearing more than 10 times; B: Keyword clustering graph: Divided into 7 clusters by different colors: Cluster 1 red, cluster 2 green, cluster 3 blue, cluster 4 yellow, cluster 5 purple, cluster 6 light blue, and cluster 6 brown. The size of the nodes in the graph represents the frequency of keyword occurrences; C: Density visualization of keyword clustering; D: CiteSpace visualization of keyword; E: Timeline distribution of top 50 keywords with the strongest citation bursts.