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©The Author(s) 2025. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Diabetes. Dec 15, 2025; 16(12): 112830
Published online Dec 15, 2025. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v16.i12.112830
Published online Dec 15, 2025. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v16.i12.112830
Glycemic control, weight-loss effects, and safety of cotadutide in individuals with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Abul Bashar Mohammad Kamrul-Hasan, Department of Endocrinology, Mymensingh Medical College, Mymensingh 2200, Bangladesh
Deep Dutta, Department of Endocrinology, CEDAR Superspeciality Healthcare, New Delhi 110075, Delhi, India
Lakshmi Nagendra, Department of Endocrinology, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
Sindhu Doddabokikere Basavarajappa, Department of Medical Statistics, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
Harish Bukkasagar Girijashankar, Department of Anesthesiology, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
Ameya Joshi, Department of Endocrinology, Bhaktivedanta Hospital & Research Institute, Thane 401107, Maharashtra, India
Joseph M Pappachan, Faculty of Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M15 6BH, Greater Manchester, United Kingdom
Joseph M Pappachan, Department of Endocrinology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnātaka, India
Joseph M Pappachan, Department of Endocrinology, Countess of Chester Hospital NHS Trust, Chester CH2 IUL, Cheshire West and Chester, United Kingdom
Author contributions: Kamrul-Hasan ABM and Dutta D conceptualized the study and performed statistical analysis; Kamrul-Hasan ABM, Dutta D, and Nagendra L drafted the manuscript; Dutta D, Nagendra L, and Joshi A formulated the methodology; Nagendra L, Basavarajappa SD, Girijashankar HB, and Pappachan JM were involved in the literature search, study selection, and data extraction; Basavarajappa SD, Girijashankar HB, Joshi A, and Pappachan JM critically analyzed and revised the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
PRISMA 2009 Checklist statement: The authors have read the PRISMA 2009 Checklist, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the PRISMA 2009 Checklist.
Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Joseph M Pappachan, MD, MRCP, FRCP, Professor, Senior Researcher, Faculty of Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, All Saints Building, Manchester M15 6BH, Greater Manchester, United Kingdom. drpappachan@yahoo.co.in
Received: August 7, 2025
Revised: October 11, 2025
Accepted: October 23, 2025
Published online: December 15, 2025
Processing time: 130 Days and 14.3 Hours
Revised: October 11, 2025
Accepted: October 23, 2025
Published online: December 15, 2025
Processing time: 130 Days and 14.3 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: Cotadutide, a dual glucagon-like peptide-1/glucagon receptor agonist, effectively lowers glycated hemoglobin and body weight in people with type 2 diabetes and overweight or obesity. A meta-analysis of nine randomized controlled trials reveals modest reductions in blood sugar and weight compared to the placebo, with efficacy similar to that of active comparators. Common side effects include gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea, vomiting, dyspepsia, constipation, decreased appetite) without an excess risk of serious adverse events. Continued use should weigh the benefits of glucose and weight control against the risk of gastrointestinal side effects. Cotadutide’s safety and long-term outcomes require further research; however, it shows promise as a potential therapeutic option for metabolic disorders.