Copyright
©The Author(s) 2025. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Diabetes. Nov 15, 2025; 16(11): 111280
Published online Nov 15, 2025. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v16.i11.111280
Published online Nov 15, 2025. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v16.i11.111280
Comparison of three types of drugs for cardiovascular and renal benefits in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Xue-Dong An, Department of Endocrinology, Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing 100053, China
Xin-Qin Li, Department of Gynaecology, Shanxi Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, Taiyuan 033400, Shanxi Province, China
He Zhang, Department of Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China
Qian-You Jia, Department of Pediatrics, Rizhao Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Rizhao 276800, Shandong Province, China
Yue-Hong Zhang, Department of Endocrinology, Fangshan Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102400, China
Gui-Gui Yang, Department of Gastroenterology, Wangjing Hospital, Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
Co-first authors: Xue-Dong An and Xin-Qin Li.
Co-corresponding authors: Xue-Dong An and Gui-Gui Yang.
Author contributions: An XD and Yang GG conceived and designed the study; An XD and Li XQ wrote the first draft; An XD, Jia QY and Zhang YH analyzed the data; An XD, Li XQ, Zhang H, Zhang YH and Yang GG was involved in collecting the data. All authors interpreted the data and critically reviewed the manuscript. An XD and Li XQ contributed equally to this work as co-first authors. We would like to emphasize that An XD and Yang GG jointly conceived and designed the study and were both involved in data collection. They contributed equally to the study’s overall design, implementation, result presentation, and manuscript preparation. Accordingly, we regard their contributions as equivalent. The decision to designate them as co-corresponding authors was also made in consultation with the other co-authors.
Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82305205; Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CACM, No. CACM-2023-QNRC2-A05; the Safeguard Project of Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. GAMHH9324001; and the Special Fund for Outstanding Young Scientific Talent Training of the Fundamental Research Business Expenses of the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. ZZ18-YQ-011.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
PRISMA 2009 Checklist statement: The authors have read the PRISMA 2009 Checklist, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the PRISMA 2009 Checklist.
Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Xue-Dong An, PhD, Department of Endocrinology, Guang’anmen Hospital, No. 5 North Line Pavilion, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China.
Received: June 26, 2025
Revised: August 28, 2025
Accepted: October 23, 2025
Published online: November 15, 2025
Processing time: 140 Days and 17.4 Hours
Revised: August 28, 2025
Accepted: October 23, 2025
Published online: November 15, 2025
Processing time: 140 Days and 17.4 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), as one of the most common chronic metabolic diseases, is also one of the most significant risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA), sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), and nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (nsMRA) have emerged as novel therapeutic agents to comprehensively manage T2DM -related CVD and CKD. We conducted a network meta-analysis to compare the efficacy and safety of GLP-1RAs, SGLT2i, and nsMRA in patients with T2DM.