Rana NS, Vishvakarma NK, Sonkar SC, Beg MMA. Diabetes: A comprehensive review of the Indian landscape in contrast with global trends. World J Diabetes 2026; 17(2): 110701 [DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v17.i2.110701]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Subash Chandra Sonkar, PhD, Delhi School of Public Health, Institute of Eminence, University of Delhi, 12, Cavalry Lane, Mall Road, near Vishwavidyalay Metro Station, New Delhi 110007, India. dsph.scsonkar@ioe.du.ac.in
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Endocrinology & Metabolism
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Review
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This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Feb 15, 2026 (publication date) through Feb 12, 2026
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Publication Name
World Journal of Diabetes
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1948-9358
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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA
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Rana NS, Vishvakarma NK, Sonkar SC, Beg MMA. Diabetes: A comprehensive review of the Indian landscape in contrast with global trends. World J Diabetes 2026; 17(2): 110701 [DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v17.i2.110701]
World J Diabetes. Feb 15, 2026; 17(2): 110701 Published online Feb 15, 2026. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v17.i2.110701
Diabetes: A comprehensive review of the Indian landscape in contrast with global trends
Nidhi Singh Rana, Naveen Kumar Vishvakarma, Subash Chandra Sonkar, Mirza Masroor Ali Beg
Nidhi Singh Rana, Naveen Kumar Vishvakarma, Department of Biotechnology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur 495009, Chhattisgarh, India
Subash Chandra Sonkar, Delhi School of Public Health, Institute of Eminence, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110007, India
Subash Chandra Sonkar, Multidisciplinary Research Unit, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Hospital, New Delhi 110002, India
Mirza Masroor Ali Beg, Faculty of Medicine, Alatoo International University, Bishkek 720048, Kyrgyzstan
Co-corresponding authors: Subash Chandra Sonkar and Mirza Masroor Ali Beg.
Author contributions: Sonkar SC and Beg MMA contributed equally to this manuscript and are co-corresponding authors. Rana NS, Sonkar SC, and Beg MMA conceived and designed the study, analyzed the data, created figures, and prepared the manuscript. All authors finalized the manuscript, contributed to the article, and approved the submitted version.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Subash Chandra Sonkar, PhD, Delhi School of Public Health, Institute of Eminence, University of Delhi, 12, Cavalry Lane, Mall Road, near Vishwavidyalay Metro Station, New Delhi 110007, India. dsph.scsonkar@ioe.du.ac.in
Received: June 13, 2025 Revised: August 1, 2025 Accepted: December 15, 2025 Published online: February 15, 2026 Processing time: 239 Days and 2.5 Hours
Abstract
In recent years, diabetes has become a major global health concern, and India is one of the countries most affected by the growing number of cases. In this review, we explore the diabetes scenario in the Indian community in comparison with global patterns. The extensive literature on diabetes suggests that poor diet, sedentary lifestyles, and genetic predisposition have been risk factors for diabetes. We further discuss disease management and treatment strategies related to diabetes in India, highlighting the challenges in healthcare accessibility and affordability. In addition, particularly in Indian scenarios, the role of traditional medicine as an alternative medicine is also discussed. This overall highlights possible interventions, including the National Diabetes Control Program, telehealth advancements, and community-based awareness campaigns. Therefore, we aim to discuss potential scenarios like rapid urbanization, changing dietary patterns, and socio-economic disparities in the diabetes epidemic in the country, and practical solutions for overall diabetes outcomes.
Core Tip: Diabetes mellitus is expected to become a global health emergency, with 643 million cases expected by 2030 and 792 million by 2045. India is among the most affected countries, where younger and less fortunate populations are increasingly being impacted by a complex interplay of genetic, environmental, behavioral, and socioeconomic factors. Despite government efforts, issues like poor glycemic control, delayed diagnosis, and limited access to healthcare, especially in rural areas, remain. Gene-environment interactions further raise risk, emphasizing the need for targeted prevention, early detection, and customized treatment regimens.
