Impact of multimodal rehabilitation on physical function in post-intensive care syndrome patients after gastrointestinal tumor surgery

Table 1 Comparison of handgrip strength and serum albumin levels between two patient groups, mean ± SD

Indicator	Time point	Intervention group (n = 40)	Control group (n = 40)	F value (group/time/interaction)	P value
HGS (kg)	T0	28.62 ± 4.28	29.09 ± 5.02
	T1	16.38 ± 3.19	14.22 ± 3.41	44.87/156.30/9.21	0.00
	T2	25.40 ± 3.96	20.37 ± 4.15
	T3	27.19 ± 3.72	21.80 ± 4.32
Albumin (g/L)	T0	41.22 ± 2.81	40.91 ± 3.02
	T1	36.56 ± 2.46	32.19 ± 3.20	160.90/69.10/10.23	0.00
	T2	39.87 ± 2.69	34.71 ± 2.98
	T3	40.59 ± 2.34	35.29 ± 2.76

HGS: Handgrip strength.

Table 2 Comparison of interleukin-6 and phase angle levels between two patient groups, mean ± SD

Indicator	Time point	Intervention group (n = 40)	Control group (n = 40)	F value (group/time/interaction)	P value
IL-6 (pg/mL)	T0	5.22 ± 1.10	5.40 ± 1.32
	T1	28.42 ± 6.21	45.73 ± 9.84
	T2	8.17 ± 1.93	14.32 ± 3.25	210.60/827.50/51.12	0.00
	T3	6.32 ± 1.43	11.88 ± 2.70
Phase angle (°)	T0	6.11 ± 0.52	6.03 ± 0.65
	T1	5.33 ± 0.62	4.55 ± 0.73	126.40/43.93/13.29	0.00
	T2	5.82 ± 0.66	4.62 ± 0.77
	T3	6.02 ± 0.55	4.82 ± 0.65

IL-6: Interleukin-6.

Table 3 Comparison of timed up and go walking time and compound muscle action potential amplitude/area ratio levels between two patient groups, mean ± SD

Indicator	Time point	Intervention group (n = 40)	Control group (n = 40)	t-value (group/time/interaction)	P value
TUG (seconds)	T2	11.29 ± 2.18	15.85 ± 3.20	7.45	0.00
	T3	9.80 ± 1.73	14.20 ± 2.01	10.49	0.00
CMAP A/A ratio	T2	0.82 ± 0.07	0.65 ± 0.09	9.43	0.00
	T3	0.85 ± 0.06	0.68 ± 0.08	10.75	0.00

TUG: Timed up and go; CMAP A/A: Compound muscle action potential amplitude/area.

Table 4 Comparison of clinical outcome indicators, n (%)

Indicator	Intervention group (n = 40)	Control group (n = 40)	t/χ2	P value
Time to recovery of somatic function (days), mean ± SD	18.31 ± 4.24	25.76 ± 6.85	5.85	0.00
Falls in the past 30 days	1 (2.50)	8 (20.00)		0.03
Non-planned readmissions within 90 days	2 (5.00)	10 (25.00)		0.03

Table 5 Multivariate linear regression analysis of the impact of multimodal rehabilitation nursing intervention and biological indicators on time to functional recovery (n = 80)

Variable	Regression coefficient (β)	SE	95% confidence interval	t-value	P value
Intervention group (intervention = 1)	-6.82	0.82	-8.45 to -5.19	-8.32	0.00
Age (per 1-year increase)	0.21	0.13	-0.05 to 0.47	1.62	0.11
Open surgery (yes = 1)	1.84	0.97	-0.10 to 3.78	1.90	0.06
Gastric cancer	0.63	1.12	-1.60 to 2.86	0.56	0.58
T1 IL-6 (per 1 pg/mL increase)	0.78	0.31	0.16 to 1.40	2.52	0.01
T2 HGS (per 1 kg increase)	-1.23	0.28	-1.79 to -0.67	-4.39	0.00
T2 TUG (per 1 second increase)	2.15	0.42	1.31 to 2.99	5.12	0.00
T2 CMAP A/A ratio (per 0.1 increase)	-3.04	0.58	-4.20 to -1.88	-5.24	0.00

IL-6: Interleukin-6; HGS: Handgrip strength; TUG: Timed up and go; CMAP A/A: Compound muscle action potential amplitude/area.