Relationship between preoperative modified frailty index, immune-inflammation index, and outcomes of colorectal cancer surgery in older patients

Table 1 Univariate analysis of complications affecting older patients with colorectal cancer 30 days after surgery, n (%)/mean ± SD

Variable	Complication group (n = 31)	Non-complication group (n = 216)	t/χ2	P value
Age (years)	73.87 ± 6.34	71.17 ± 6.46	2.182	0.030
Sex			1.767	0.184
Male	21 (7.74)	119 (55.09)
Female	10 (32.26)	97 (44.91)
BMI (kg/m2)	23.12 ± 1.48	22.60 ± 1.30	2.074	0.039
Smoking history			8.786	0.003
Yes	18 (58.06)	67 (31.02)
No	13 (41.94)	149 (68.98)
Drinking history			4.461	0.035
Yes	17 (54.84)	76 (35.19)
No	14 (46.15)	140 (64.81)
Operation time (minutes)	182.42 ± 22.32	162.78 ± 20.59	4.915	< 0.001
Preoperative bleeding (mL)	125.32 ± 26.39	123.17 ± 27.42	0.411	0.681
Tumor site			0.883	0.347
Rectum	14 (45.16)	117 (54.17)
Colon	17 (54.84)	99 (45.83)
Tumor size			12.114	0.001
< 5 cm	9 (29.03)	134 (62.04)
≥ 5 cm	22 (70.97)	82 (37.96)
Degree of tumor differentiation			7.960	0.019
High	15 (48.39)	101 (46.76)
Moderately	7 (22.58)	89 (41.20)
Poorly	9 (29.03)	26 (12.04)
TNM stage			1.372	0.504
I	9 (29.03)	71 (32.87)
II	14 (45.16)	108 (50.00)
III	8 (25.81)	37 (17.13)
Pre-operative mFI (points)	6.19 ± 1.19	4.12 ± 0.86	9.338	< 0.001
Pre-operative SII (× 109/L)	1091.43 ± 584.13	760.80 ± 370.50	3.064	0.004

mFI: Modified frailty index; SII: Systemic immune-inflammation index; TNM: Tumor-node-metastasis; BMI: Body mass index.

Table 2 Preoperative modified frailty index and systemic immune-inflammation index in patients with different Clavien-Dindo grades, mean ± SD

Postoperative complications	n	Pre-operative mFI	Pre-operative SII
IV grade	1	8.00 ± 0.00	2945.22 ± 0.00
III grade	4	7.00 ± 0.00	1163.70 ± 79.74
II grade	16	6.06 ± 1.29	1249.71 ± 514.24
I grade	10	5.90 ± 1.10	623.90 ± 151.40
F		1.758	12.976
P value		0.179	< 0.001

mFI: Modified frailty index; SII: Systemic immune-inflammation index.

Table 3 Comparison of clinical data of older patients with colorectal cancer in the high/Low modified frailty index and systemic immune-inflammation index groups, n (%)/mean ± SD

Variable	Pre-operative mFI		t/χ2	Pre-operative SII		t/χ2
	Low group (n = 158)	High group (n = 89)		Low group (n = 177)	High group (n = 70)
Age (years)	70.84 ± 6.17	72.71 ± 6.90	2.193a	71.27 ± 6.50	72.13 ± 6.48	0.941
Sex			0.173			0.142
Male	88 (55.70)	52 (58.43)		99 (55.93)	41 (58.57)
Female	70 (44.30)	37 (41.57)		78 (44.07)	29 (41.43)
BMI (kg/m2)	22.62 ± 1.28	22.74 ± 1.43	0.637	22.71 ± 1.32	22.56 ± 1.36	0.780
Smoking history			1.488			2.130
Yes	50 (31.65)	35 (39.33)		56 (31.64)	29 (41.43)
No	108 (68.35)	54 (60.67)		121 (68.36)	41 (58.57)
Drinking history			0.171			1.831
Yes	61 (38.61)	32 (35.96)		62 (35.03)	31 (44.29)
No	97 (61.39)	57 (64.04)		115 (64.97)	39 (55.71)
Operation time (minutes)	163.11 ± 20.68	169.03 ± 23.21	2.068a	162.72 ± 21.33	171.63 ± 21.69	2.944a
Preoperative bleeding (mL)	123.35 ± 26.60	123.58 ± 28.53	0.064	122.90 ± 27.78	124.79 ± 26.01	0.488
Tumor site			1.909			2.103
Rectum	89 (56.33)	42 (47.19)		99 (55.93)	32 (45.71)
Colon	69 (43.67)	47 (52.81)		78 (44.07)	38 (54.29)
Tumor size			9.573a			0.178
< 5 cm	103 (65.19)	40 (44.94)		101 (57.06)	42 (60.00)
≥ 5 cm	55 (34.81)	49 (55.06)		76 (42.94)	28 (40.00)
Degree of tumor differentiation			4.688			0.129
High	70 (44.30)	46 (51.69)		82 (46.33)	34 (48.57)
Moderate	69 (43.67)	27 (30.34)		70 (39.55)	26 (37.14)
Poor	19 (12.03)	16 (17.98)		25 (14.12)	10 (14.29)
TNM stage			0.094			1.731
I	51 (32.28)	29 (32.58)		55 (31.07)	25 (35.71)
II	79 (50.00)	43 (48.31)		92 (51.98)	30 (42.86)
III	28 (17.72)	17 (19.10)		30 (16.95)	15 (21.43)

^aP < 0.05.

mFI: Modified frailty index; SII: Systemic immune-inflammation index; TNM: Tumor-node-metastasis; BMI: Body mass index.