Management of peritoneal metastases from colorectal cancer and small bowel adenocarcinoma in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

Table 1 Baseline clinical characteristics of patients with peritoneal metastases undergoing cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy comparing inflammatory bowel disease and non-inflammatory bowel disease cohorts across two studies

Feature	Ben-Yaacov et al[45], 2024		Hammoudi et al[21], 2018
	IBD cohort (n = 10)	Non-IBD cohort (n = 222)
Primary tumor site	30% small bowel primaries	100% colorectal	50% small-bowel, 50% colon/rectum
ASA score1	Lower (P = 0.005)	Higher	Not reported
Hypertension	Less frequent (P = 0.033)3	More frequent	Not reported
Prior abdominal surgery	Universal (IBD management)	Variable	50% prior resections for IBD
Surveillance colonoscopy2	N/A		Only 2/14 had routine surveillance

¹American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status classification score: Lower values indicate fewer systemic comorbidities.

²Surveillance colonoscopy indicates routine endoscopic monitoring prior to diagnosis.

³P values refer to comparisons between inflammatory bowel disease and non- inflammatory bowel disease cohorts; P < 0.05 considered statistically significant. When P values are non-significant yet sample sizes are small, interpret with caution due to limited statistical power.

IBD: Inflammatory bowel disease; ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status classification; N/A: Not applicable.

Table 2 Postoperative outcomes following cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy) in patients with and without inflammatory bowel disease with peritoneal metastases

Metric	Ben-Yaacov et al[45], 2024		Hammoudi et al[21], 2018
	IBD cohort (n = 10)	Non-IBD cohort (n = 222)
Overall complications1	60.3% (P = 0.744)5	60.3% (P = 0.444)	54.5% grade 3-4
Reoperation rate2	27%		Not separately tabulated
ICU/hospital stay3	No significant difference		Median not reported
30-day mortality4	0%		0%

¹Overall complications: Any postoperative adverse event within 30 days, graded by Clavien-Dindo. Major complications: Clavien-Dindo grade III-IV events requiring surgical, endoscopic, or radiologic intervention (grade III) or life-threatening complications requiring intensive care unit management (grade IV).

²Reoperation rate: Percentage of patients requiring return to the operating room within 30 days.

³When median intensive care unit/hospital stays are not reported, indicate “not reported” and consider including these metrics in future data collection for completeness.

⁴30-day mortality: Perioperative death within 30 days post-surgery.

⁵P values (where reported) compared inflammatory bowel disease vs non-inflammatory bowel disease; P < 0.05 considered significant. Non-significant P values in small samples may reflect limited power.

ICU: Intensive care unit; IBD: Inflammatory bowel disease.

Table 3 Oncological outcomes following cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in patients with and without inflammatory bowel disease with peritoneal metastases

Feature1	Ben-Yaacov et al[45], 2024		Hammoudi et al[21], 2018
	IBD cohort (n = 10)	Non-IBD cohort (n = 222)
Median overall survival1	19.6 months (P = 0.056)2	53.2 months	24 months (vs 44.3 months in sporadic; HR4 = 4.47)
Median disease-free survival1	4.9 months (P = 0.174)	9.4 months	RFS 8.3 months vs 12.9 months (HR = 2.31)
Recurrence pattern3			10/11 relapsed; median 7.2 months; 8/10 peritoneal

¹Median overall survival/disease-free survival/recurrence-free survival: Time from cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy to death (overall survival) or recurrence (disease-free survival/recurrence-free survival); censored at last follow-up.

²P values indicate statistical comparison. P < 0.05 considered significant but interpret cautiously in small samples due to wide confidence intervals and limited power.

³Recurrence pattern: Specify proportion of recurrences that are peritoneal. Early recurrence within first year post-cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy.

⁴Hazard ratios compare risk of event (death or recurrence) between inflammatory bowel disease and non-inflammatory bowel disease cohorts. Include 95% confidence intervals when available.

IBD: Inflammatory bowel disease; RFS: Recurrence-free survival; HR: Hazard ratio.