Bidirectional effects of the tryptophan metabolite indole-3-acetaldehyde on colorectal cancer

doi:10.4251/wjgo.v16.i6.2697

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology

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1948-5204

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Gastrointest Oncol. Jun 15, 2024; 16(6): 2697-2715
Published online Jun 15, 2024. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i6.2697

Table 1 List of primers

Gene	Primer sequence
Gene	Forward (5’ to 3’)	Reverse (5’ to 3’)
VIM	GACGCCATCAACACCGAGTT	CTTTGTCGTTGGTTAGCTGGT
SNAI1	TCGGAAGCCTAACTACAGCGA	AGATGAGCATTGGCAGCGAG
OCLN	ACAAGCGGTTTTATCCAGAGTC	GTCATCCACAGGCGAAGTTAAT
CDH1	CGAGAGCTACACGTTCACGG	GGGTGTCGAGGGAAAAATAGG
CDH2	TCAGGCGTCTGTAGAGGCTT	ATGCACATCCTTCGATAAGACTG
CYP1A1	TCGGCCACGGAGTTTCTTC	GGTCAGCATGTGCCCAATCA
CYP1B1	TGAGTGCCGTGTGTTTCGG	GTTGCTGAAGTTGCGGTTGAG

VIM: Vimentin; SNAI1: Snail family transcriptional repressor 1; OCLN: Occludin; CDH1: Cadherin 1; CDH2: Cadherin 2; CYP1A1: Cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily A member 1; CYP1B1: Cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily B member 1.

Table 2 Dock details of target proteins and indole-3-acetaldehyde

Term	Binding energy (kcal/mol)	Mode of action	Target point (s)
6ESM-IAAD	-6.21	H bond	Phe221
1UZE-IAAD	-6.49	H bond	Ala149, Val350
2RIQ-IAAD	-5.52	H bond	Phe304
7XJO-IAAD	-5.62	H bond	ILE21, Arg53
4C1M-IAAD	-5.41	H bond	Arg8

IAAD: Indole-3-acetaldehyde; Phe: Phenylalanine; Val: Valine; Ala: Alanine; Ile: Isoleucine; Arg: Arginine; 6ESM: Identity marker of matrix metalloproteinase-9 protein crystal structures in Protein Data Bank databases (https://www.rcsb.org/); 1UZE: Angiotensin converting enzyme; 2RIQ: Poly ADP-ribose polymerase-1; 7XJO: Matrix metalloproteinase-2; 4C1M: Myeloperoxidase.

Citation: Dai Z, Deng KL, Wang XM, Yang DX, Tang CL, Zhou YP. Bidirectional effects of the tryptophan metabolite indole-3-acetaldehyde on colorectal cancer. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16(6): 2697-2715
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-5204/full/v16/i6/2697.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4251/wjgo.v16.i6.2697