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©The Author(s) 2025.
World J Gastrointest Oncol. Jul 15, 2025; 17(7): 105712
Published online Jul 15, 2025. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v17.i7.105712
Published online Jul 15, 2025. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v17.i7.105712
Figure 1 Progress in the treatment of duodenal cancer.
AKT: Protein kinase B; APC: Antigen-presenting cell; CTLA-4: Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4; EGFR: Epidermal growth factor receptor; MHC: Major histocompatibility complex; mTOR: Mammalian target of rapamycin; PD-L1: Programmed death-ligand 1; PI3K: Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase; TCR: T cell receptor; VEGF: Vascular endothelial growth factor.
- Citation: Liao LG, Xiong ZG, Hu JJ. Progress in the treatment of duodenal cancer: A comprehensive review. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2025; 17(7): 105712
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-5204/full/v17/i7/105712.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4251/wjgo.v17.i7.105712