Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.
World J Gastrointest Oncol. Jul 15, 2026; 18(7): 118632
Published online Jul 15, 2026. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v18.i7.118632
Published online Jul 15, 2026. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v18.i7.118632
Process-based nursing using explanation-simulation-practice-communication-support model for pain management after liver cancer intervention
Ri-Hong Qian, Yan Xu, Interventional Liver Tumor Center in Liver Disease Area, Ganzhou Fifth People’s Hospital (Ganzhou Liver Disease Research Institute), Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
Author contributions: Qian RH is responsible for research design, clinical data collection and organization, statistical analysis, and writing and revising the initial draft of the paper; Xu Y is responsible for reviewing and optimizing the research proposal, approving the final draft of the paper, and overseeing the entire research process; and all authors have read and approved the final manuscript and agree to submit it.
Institutional review board statement: This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Ganzhou Fifth People’s Hospital (Ganzhou Liver Disease Research Institute), approval No. GZWY-EC-Keshen-2025014.
Informed consent statement: All study participants and their legal guardians provided written informed consent prior to study enrolment.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
Data sharing statement: No additional data are available.
Corresponding author: Yan Xu, Associate Chief Nurse, Interventional Liver Tumor Center in Liver Disease Area, Ganzhou Fifth People’s Hospital (Ganzhou Liver Disease Research Institute), No. 666 Dongjiangyuan Avenue, Zhanggong District, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China. bww140907@126.com
Received: February 3, 2026
Revised: March 3, 2026
Accepted: April 7, 2026
Published online: July 15, 2026
Processing time: 152 Days and 17.5 Hours
Revised: March 3, 2026
Accepted: April 7, 2026
Published online: July 15, 2026
Processing time: 152 Days and 17.5 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: Process-based nursing based on the Explain-Simulate-Practice-Communication-Support model significantly reduced postoperative pain scores, alleviated anxiety and depression, improved quality of life, and lowered complication rates in patients undergoing transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for liver cancer. This model provides an evidence-based and structured nursing framework for postoperative pain management.