Copyright
©The Author(s) 2024. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Gastrointest Oncol. Mar 15, 2024; 16(3): 875-882
Published online Mar 15, 2024. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i3.875
Published online Mar 15, 2024. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i3.875
Comparison of mismatch repair and immune checkpoint protein profile with histopathological parameters in pancreatic, periampullary/ampullary, and choledochal adenocarcinomas
Arzu Hazal Aydın, Department of Pathology, Aksaray University Aksaray Training and Research Hospital, Aksaray 68200, Turkey
Nesrin Turhan, Department of Pathology, University of Health Sciences Ankara City Hospital, Ankara 06800, Turkey
Author contributions: Aydın AH and Turhan N participated in the design, execution, and analysis of the article and approved the final version.
Institutional review board statement: Prior to the study, approval was obtained from T.C. Health Sciences University Ankara City Hospital Ethics Committee (Numbered E2-2021-601; Dated 16/06/2021).
Informed consent statement: Since the study was retrospectively designed, informed consent was not obtained from the patients.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
Data sharing statement: No additional data are available.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Arzu Hazal Aydın, MD, Doctor, Department of Pathology, Aksaray University Aksaray Training and Research Hospital, Sifahane District, No. 3152 Street, Aksaray 68200, Turkey. arzu.hazal.aydin@gmail.com
Received: November 3, 2023
Peer-review started: November 3, 2023
First decision: December 1, 2023
Revised: December 12, 2023
Accepted: January 10, 2024
Article in press: January 10, 2024
Published online: March 15, 2024
Processing time: 129 Days and 20.4 Hours
Peer-review started: November 3, 2023
First decision: December 1, 2023
Revised: December 12, 2023
Accepted: January 10, 2024
Article in press: January 10, 2024
Published online: March 15, 2024
Processing time: 129 Days and 20.4 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: Pancreatic, periampullary/ampullary, and choledochal adenocarcinomas are aggressive malignancies with recurrences and metastases occurring in a short period of time. Complete resection is possible in only a small proportion of patients; thus, targeted therapies are needed. H long terminal repeat-associating 2 (HHLA2), which is analogous to programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), is expressed in many malignancies. Evaluation of HHLA2 expression in microsatellite stable and PD-L1-negative tumors may be useful for predicting the response of individuals to immunotherapy, and may serve as a novel therapeutic target in patients with advanced disease who do not respond to classical chemotherapy and have unresectable cancer.