Sessile serrated lesions involving the appendiceal orifice: Endoscopic diagnosis and treatment

Figure 1 Transcolonic endoscopic appendectomy for the sessile serrated lesion involving the appendiceal orifice[35]. A: Three-dimensional reconstruction images showing the appendix (yellow arrow) and adjacent bowels and vessels; B: Endoscopic white-light image showing the sessile serrated lesion (SSL) involving the appendiceal orifice (AO); C: Image from chromoendoscopy following indigo carmine dye spraying clearly showing the SSL; D: Intraprocedural view showing endoscopic full-thickness resection of the cecum tissue around the AO; E: Endoscopic dissection of the mesoappendix along the appendix by an insulated-tipped knife; F: Cecal defection; G: Intraprocedural endoscopic image showing clips and endoloop used for closing the cecal defect (yellow arrow: The dental-floss assistance); H: Cecal defect was perfectly closed by clips and endoloop after transcolonic endoscopic appendectomy; I: The specimen was calculated and examined; J: Endoscopic follow-up image showing the cecum 3 months after discharge (yellow arrow: The wound healing scar); K: Pathological confirmation and diagnosis of the SSL (bar: 100 µm): Increased gland diameter and enlarged opening; microbubble-like mucous cells; jagged crypts, widened and inverted crypt base. Citation: Chen T, Xu A, Lian J, Chu Y, Zhang H, Xu M. Transcolonic endoscopic appendectomy: A novel natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) technique for the sessile serrated lesions involving the appendiceal orifice. Gut 2021; 70: 1812-1814. Copyright ©The Author(s) 2021. Published by BMJ (Supplementary material).

Figure 2 Single-use cholangioscope-assisted diagnosis of sessile serrated lesions within the appendix[7]. A: Colonoscopy revealed a 20-mm laterally spreading tumor in the ileocecal region; B: A cholangioscope was utilized to further examine the appendix; C: The rough, granular mucosa was unveiled within the appendix cavity; D: Removed appendix. Citation: Yao J, Liu K, Zhao G, Wang Z, Wang X, Fu J. Endoscopic management of multiple sessile serrated lesions in both the ileocecal region and the appendix cavity. Endoscopy 2024; 56: E841-E842. Copyright ^©The Author(s) 2024. Published by Thieme (Supplementary material).