Predictive tool for evident histological liver injury in chronic hepatitis B patients: Development and validation

Table 1 Demographics and laboratory findings among patients in the development cohort, n (%)

Characteristics	Total (n = 159)	Evident histological liver injury		P value
		No (n = 87)	Yes (n = 72)
Demographic variables
Male	115/159 (72.3)	55/87 (63.2)	60/72 (83.3)	0.005
Age, year	46.28 (10.84)	42.98 (10.08)	50.26 (10.44)	< 0.001
Laboratory findings
PLT, × 109/L	167.87 (71.18)	199.38 (59.86)	129.81 (65.17)	< 0.001
ALT, U/L	41.20 (59.35)	27.69 (23.82)	57.52 (81.59)	0.001
AST, U/L	35.45 (36.51)	24.56 (10.74)	48.61 (50.06)	< 0.001
TP, g/L	75.48 (5.01)	75.56 (4.81)	75.38 (5.27)	0.83
ALB, g/L	46.46 (4.49)	47.85 (3.49)	44.79 (5.00)	< 0.001
TBIL, μmol/L	16.91 (15.96)	15.27 (18.97)	18.90 (11.14)	0.15
DBIL, μmol/L	6.19 (8.66)	4.90 (8.96)	7.76 (8.06)	0.04
HBV-DNA, × 105 IU/mL	17.68 (135.71)	31.04 (182.56)	1.55 (11.71)	0.17
HBsAg, IU/mL	1439.43 (6674.76)	1938.84 (8631.85)	835.98 (2867.01)	0.30
HBeAg, IU/mL	93.11 (571.93)	166.89 (767.11)	3.95 (20.55)	0.05
HBcAb, IU/mL	187.65 (313.01)	222.54 (324.45)	145.48 (295.34)	0.12

PLT: Platelet; ALT: Alanine transaminase; AST: Aspartate transaminase; TP: Total protein; ALB: Albumin; TBIL: Total bilirubin; DBIL: Direct bilirubin; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; HBsAg: Hepatitis B surface antigen; HBeAg: Hepatitis B e antigen; HBcAb: Hepatitis B core antibody.

Table 2 Univariable and multivariable logistic regression model for predicting development of evident histological liver injury in patients with chronic hepatitis B

Factor	Univariable analysis			Multivariable analysis
	OR	95%CI	P value	OR	95%CI	P value
Male	0.34	0.16-0.73	0.006
Age, year	2.04	1.43-2.92	< 0.001
L59	0.07	0.03-0.15	< 0.001	0.15	0.06-0.38	< 0.001
PLT, × 109/L	2.24	1.37-3.66	0.001	2.71	1.09-6.75	0.03
ALT, U/L	1.79	1.02-3.18	0.048	7.20	1.35-28.8	0.02
AST, U/L	5.56	2.14-14.47	< 0.001	8.40	1.10-63.8	0.04
ALB, g/L	5.69	1.23-26.33	0.026
TBIL, μmol/L	2.31	1.33-4.02	0.003
DBIL, μmol/L	3.54	1.79-6.99	< 0.001

OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval; PLT: Platelet; ALT: Alanine transaminase; AST: Aspartate transaminase; ALB: Albumin; TBIL: Total bilirubin; DBIL: Direct bilirubin.