Evaluating thresholds of Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer in association with clinical outcomes in patients with cirrhosis

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study participants, n (%)/mean ± SD/median (interquartile range)

Characteristic, n = 153	Finding
Male	123 (80.4)
Age (years)	56.3 ± 10.9
AST (U/L)	93.2 (49.4-149.5)
ALT (U/L)	48.0 (30.2-82.9)
Total bilirubin (μmol/L)	41.8 (20.7-69.8)
Albumin (g/L)	27.1 (22.0-33.1)
Hemoglobin (g/L)	111.0 (94.0-124.0)
Platelet as × 109/L	94.0 (59.0-145.0)
AFP (ng/Ml)	4.66 (2.4-13.0)
Child-Pugh
A	22 (14.4)
B	64 (41.8)
C	67 (43.8)
M2BPGi C.O.I.	7.1 ± 3.7
FibroScan in kPa, n = 77	36.4 ± 20.5

AST: Aspartate transaminase; ALT: Alanine transaminase; AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein; C.O.I.: Cutoff index; M2BPGi: Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer.

Table 2 Serum mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer according to the degree of cirrhosis, esophageal varices, and with or without hepatocellular carcinoma, mean ± SD

Characteristic	n	M2BPGi C.O.I.	P value1
Child-Pugh
A	22	5.20 ± 2.65	< 0.001
B	64	6.14 ± 2.89
C	67	8.63 ± 4.08
MELD score
≤ 9	38	6.09	0.003
10-19	53	6.43
20-29	39	7.85
30–39	10	10.02
≥ 40	7	11.11
Esophageal varices
F0	22	5.3 ± 4.3	< 0.05
F1	10	5.0 ± 3.8
FII	21	7.6 ± 3.4
FIII	57	8.1 ± 3.8
HCC
Yes	28	8.8 ± 2.9	< 0.05
No	125	6.7 ± 3.8

¹Analysis of variance was performed to evaluate the difference amongst the group; P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; C.O.I.: Cutoff index; M2BPGi: Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer; MELD: Model for end-stage liver disease.

Table 3 Univariate logistic regression and multivariate logistic regression in prediction of liver decompensation and esophageal varices

Variable	Univariate analysis		Multivariate analysis
	OR	95%CI	aOR	95%CI
Liver decompensation
MELD score	1.19	1.10-1.32	1.18	1.04-1.41
M2BPGi	1.23	1.06-1.47	2.11	1.37-3.83
FibroScan	1.06	1.02-1.12	1.05	0.98-1.15
AAR	1.80	1.06-3.48	4.12	0.84-35.8
Esophageal varices
Platelets	0.99	0.99-1.00	1.00	0.99-1.02
FibroScan	0.99	0.97-1.02	0.98	0.95-1.00
M2BPGi	1.10	1.01-1.22	1.30	1.08-1.64
AAR	1.02	0.78-1.36	1.04	0.62-1.69
Child-Pugh
A	Reference		Reference
B	4.75	1.70-14.80	4.65	1.06-24.11
C	4.21	1.52-13.01	1.90	0.32-11.90

AAR: Aspartate aminotransferase to alanine aminotransferase ratio; aOR: Adjusted odds ratio; M2BPGi: Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer; MELD: Model for end-stage liver disease; OR: Odds ratio.