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Discussion on the effect of Honghua Qinggan Shisanwei Wan on regulating macrophage polarization and alleviating liver injury
Chun-Li Ma, Xin Zhang, Xu Bao, Lin-Yun Zhao, Li-Li Cao, Mei Hong, Rui-Ping Hu, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010100, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
Cheng-You Ma, College of Geo-Exploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, Jilin Province, China
Ting Zhang, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
Yu-Long Bao, State Key Laboratory, Oncology Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010100, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
Co-first authors: Chun-Li Ma and Xin Zhang.
Co-corresponding authors: Yu-Long Bao and Rui-Ping Hu.
Author contributions: Ma CL, Hong M, and Bao YL contributed to conceptualization, draft the original manuscript; Ma CL and Zhang X contributed equally to this manuscript as co-first authors; Ma CY, Bao YL, and Hu RP reviewed and edited the manuscript; Ma CL and Bao YL contributed to funding acquisition; Zhang X, Bao X, Zhao LY, Cao LL, and Zhang T contributed to methodology; Zhang X contributed to software; Hu RP contributed to supervision; Bao YL and Hu RP contributed equally to this manuscript as co-corresponding authors. All authors approved final revision of the paper.
Supported by Program for Innovative Research Team in Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, No. NMGIRT2418; Program for Young Talents of Science and Technology in Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, No. NJYT23052; the Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia, No. 2024MS08054, No. 2024LHMS08024, No. 2023QN08059, and No. 2025YQ037; the General Project of Inner Mongolia Medical University, No. YKD2022MS006; the Key Project of Inner Mongolia Medical University, No. YKD2022ZD008; Science and Technology Plan of the Inner Mongolia Automous Region, No. 2021GG0098; Inner Mongolia Medical University 2025 Maker Cultivation Project, No. 101322025138 and No. 101322025102; the Duxue Talent Program of Inner Mongolia Medical University, No. ZY20243102; the Shanxue Talent Program of Inner Mongolia Medical University, No. ZY20242109; and Research Fund for Post-doctoral Fellows to Stay in Mongolia after Completing Their Post-doctoral Programs.
Institutional animal care and use committee statement: The experimental mice have obtained permission from Inner Mongolia Medical University (approval No. YKD202405027).
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
ARRIVE guidelines statement: The authors have read the ARRIVE guidelines, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the ARRIVE guidelines.
Data sharing statement: The datasets generated and analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Corresponding author: Yu-Long Bao, State Key Laboratory, Oncology Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Inner Mongolia Medical University, No. 5 Xinhua Street, Hohhot 010100, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China.
Received: December 29, 2025
Revised: January 23, 2026
Accepted: April 24, 2026
Published online: June 27, 2026
Processing time: 173 Days and 19.5 Hours
Revised: January 23, 2026
Accepted: April 24, 2026
Published online: June 27, 2026
Processing time: 173 Days and 19.5 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: Honghua Qinggan Shisanwei Wan (HHQG), a traditional Mongolian medicinal formula, shows hepatoprotective potential. This study reveals HHQG inhibits M1 macrophage polarization and promotes M2 polarization, regulating the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor signaling pathway by upregulating nuclear receptors nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 1 and nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 2. Molecular docking confirms key compounds’ stable binding with these receptors, highlighting HHQG’s promise for treating liver-related disorders.