Co-expression of cancer stem cell markers CD24 and CD133 in gastric cancer tissues: Clinicopathological and prognostic significance

Table 1 Comparison of CD24, CD133 positivity rates in normal gastric tissue, adjacent tissue, and cancer tissue, n (%)

	CD24 (n = 304)		CD133 (n = 304)
	Positive	Negative	Positive	Negative
Cancer tissue	155 (50.99)a,c	149 (49.01)	133 (43.75)d,f	171 (56.25)
Adjacent tissue	19 (6.25)b	285 (93.75)	15 (4.93)e	289 (95.07)
Normal tissue	10 (3.29)	294 (96.71)	8 (2.63)	296 (97.37)

^aP < 0.05 for comparison between cancer tissue and adjacent tissue.

^bP > 0.05 for comparison between adjacent tissue and normal gastric tissue.

^cP < 0.05 for comparison between cancer tissue and normal gastric tissue.

^dP < 0.05 for comparison between cancer tissue and adjacent tissue.

^eP > 0.05 for comparison between adjacent tissue and normal gastric tissue.

^fP < 0.05 for comparison between cancer tissue and normal gastric tissue.

Table 2 Univariate analysis of the relationship between CD24/CD133 double-positive expression and clinicopathological parameters in gastric cancer tissues, n (%)

Clinicopathological parameter	CD24/CD133 double-positive		χ2	P value
	Yes (n = 74)	No (n = 230)
Sex			0.493	0.482
Male	40 (54.05)	135 (58.70)
Female	34 (45.95)	95 (41.30)
Age (years)			0.047	0.827
< 60	13 (17.57)	43 (18.70)
≥ 60	61 (82.43)	187 (81.30)
Tumor site			0.448	0.503
Upper	4 (5.41)	11 (4.78)
Middle	8 (10.81)	36 (15.65)
Lower	60 (81.08)	178 (77.39)
≥ 2 regions or remnant stomach	2 (2.70)	5 (2.17)
Tumor size (cm)			35.494	< 0.001
< 5	23 (31.08)	161 (70.00)
≥ 5	51 (68.92)	69 (30.00)
WHO classification			3.022	0.082
Papillary adenocarcinoma	4 (5.41)	8 (3.48)
Tubular adenocarcinoma	59 (79.73)	202 (87.83)
Mucinous adenocarcinoma	2 (2.70)	6 (2.61)
Signet-ring cell carcinoma	9 (12.16)	14 (6.09)
Lauren classification			5.469	0.019
Intestinal type	46 (62.16)	175 (76.09)
Diffuse type	28 (37.84)	55 (23.91)
T stage			41.651	< 0.001
T1	0 (0.00)	24 (10.43)
T2	4 (5.41)	55 (23.91)
T3	15 (20.27)	78 (33.91)
T4	55 (74.32)	73 (31.74)
N stage			12.854	< 0.001
N0	4 (5.41)	27 (11.74)
N1	10 (13.51)	64 (27.83)
N2	25 (33.78)	81 (35.22)
N3	35 (47.30)	58 (25.22)
M stage			2.012	0.156
M0	8 (10.81)	12 (5.22)
M1	66 (89.19)	218 (94.78)
Vascular invasion			16.925	< 0.001
Present	13 (17.57)	7 (3.04)
Absent	61 (82.43)	223 (96.96)

WHO: World Health Organization.

Table 3 Variable assignment table

Independent variable	Assignment method
Tumor size	< 5 cm = 0; ≥ 5 cm = 1
Lauren classification	Intestinal type = 0; diffuse type = 1
T stage	T1-T2 = 0; T3-T4 = 1
N stage	N0-N1 = 0; N2-N3 = 1
Vascular invasion	Absent = 0; present = 1

Table 4 Multivariate logistic regression analysis of CD24/CD133 double-positive expression in gastric cancer tissues

Variable	β	SE	Wald χ2	P value	OR	95%CI
Tumor size	1.215	0.382	10.104	0.001	3.37	1.60-7.08
Lauren classification	0.467	0.345	1.835	0.176	1.61	0.81-3.16
T stage	1.524	0.431	12.509	< 0.001	4.59	1.98-10.64
N stage	1.002	0.397	6.363	0.012	2.72	1.25-5.90
Vascular invasion	1.876	0.562	11.143	< 0.001	6.53	2.17-19.67
Constant	-2.037	0.529	14.829	< 0.001

OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval.

Table 5 Spearman rank correlation analysis of CD24 and CD133 expression intensity

CD133 expression	CD24 expression
	-	+	++
-	90	81	0
+	59	0	22
++	0	10	42

-: Negative; +: Low positive expression; ++: High positive expression.