Potential regulatory effects of stem cell exosomes on inflammatory response in ischemic stroke treatment

Table 1 Application of stem cell exogenous exosomal miRNA in treatment of ischemic stroke

MicroRNA	Source	Model(s)	Functional effects	Pathway(s)	Ref.
miR-21a-5p	MSCs	OGD microglia	Induces microglial M2 polarization by targeting STAT3	STAT3	Xin et al[12], 2022
miR-138-5p	BMSCs	MCAO mouse, OGD astrocytes	Promotes astrocyte proliferation and inhibits inflammatory response	LCN2	Deng et al[41], 2019
miR-542-3p	MSCs	MCAO mice, OGD human glial cells	Suppresses inflammation and prevents cerebral infarction	TLR4	Cai et al[56], 2021
miR-146a-5p	HUMSCs	MCAO mouse, OGD microglia	Anti-inflammation	IRAK1/TRAF6	Zhang et al[57], 2021
miR-223-3p	MSCs	MCAO Rats, OGD microglia	Anti-inflammation	CysLT2R	Zhao et al[58,59], 2020
miR-21-3p	MSCs	MCAO rats	BBB protection, anti-inflammation, anti-apoptosis	MAT2B	Li et al[60], 2019
miR-26a-5p	HUMSCs	I/R mice, OGD microglia	Inhibits microglial M1 polarization	TLRs	Li et al[61], 2020
miR-150-5p	BMSCs	MCAO rats	Decelerates neuronal apoptosis, reduces inflammation	TLR5	Li et al[62], 2022
miR-30d-5p	ADSCs	Patients, MCAO rats, OGD microglia	Promotes M2 microglial/macrophage polarization	Inflammatory mediators	Jiang et al[63], 2018

ADSCs: Adipose-derived stem cells; BMSCs: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell; CysLT2R: Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 2; HUMSCs: Human umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cells; I/R: Ischemia/reperfusion; IRAK1: Interleukin-1receptor-associated kinase 1; MCAO: Middle cerebral artery occlusion; MAT2B: Methionine adenosyl transferase 2B; MSCs: Mesenchymal stem cells; OGD: Oxygen-glucose deprivation; STAT3: Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3; TLRs: Toll-like receptors; TRAF6: Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6; TLR4: Toll-like receptor 4; TLR5: Toll-like receptor 5.