Anti-fibrotic effect of adipose-derived stem cells on fibrotic scars

doi:10.4252/wjsc.v14.i2.200

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Feb 26, 2022 (publication date) through Feb 26, 2026

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World Journal of Stem Cells

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1948-0210

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Stem Cells. Feb 26, 2022; 14(2): 200-213
Published online Feb 26, 2022. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v14.i2.200

Anti-fibrotic effect of adipose-derived stem cells on fibrotic scars

Sophie Vanderstichele, Jan Jeroen Vranckx

Sophie Vanderstichele, Master in Medicine, KUL Leuven University, Leuven 3000, Belgium

Jan Jeroen Vranckx, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive Surgery, KU-Leuven University Hospitals, Leuven 3000, Belgium

Author contributions: The selection of articles was performed independently by both authors; Vanderstichele S conducted the systematic review, with Vranckx JJ providing scientific content and supervision; all authors have read and approved the final manuscript.

Conflict-of-interest statement: This article is not subject to any conflict of interest or financial disclosure.

PRISMA 2009 Checklist statement: The authors have read the PRISMA 2009 Checklist, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the PRISMA 2009 Checklist.

Corresponding author: Jan Jeroen Vranckx, MD, PhD, Professor, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, KU-Leuven University Hospitals, Herestraat 49, Leuven 3000, Belgium. jan.vranckx@uzleuven.be

Received: February 23, 2021
Peer-review started: February 23, 2021
First decision: April 20, 2021
Revised: May 1, 2021
Accepted: February 15, 2022
Article in press: February 15, 2022
Published online: February 26, 2022
Processing time: 367 Days and 1.8 Hours

Core Tip

Core Tip: The goal of this review is to elucidate the potential mechanisms of action of fat grafting, and more specifically of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), in hostile environment. Why can fat grafts turn the sclerotic environment after intense radiotherapy, burns or surgical trauma into a soft zone that can be further restored and reconstructed? In doing so, this review aims to complement existing literature by delivering an integrated approach to explain the positive effect of ADSCs on fibrosis, considering all 3 main fibrotic aspects, i.e., extracellular matrix accumulation, innate and adaptive immune response and vascularization. It aims at acknowledging the complexity and reciprocal impact these aspects have, both from a clinical as well as a molecular point of view. While available literature so far only focused on a single one of these aspects, the question remains whether an integrated approach and explanation on these combined levels could improve the effectiveness and application areas of this treatment.