Virulence and potential pathogenicity of coccoid Helicobacter pylori induced by antibiotics

Table 1 Vacuolating activity of H.pylori to Hela cells

Dilution of concentrated supernatants	Spiral form			Coccoid form
	F44	F45	F49	F44	F45	F49
No dilution	+	+	+	-	-	-
1:10	+	+	+	-	-	-
1:20	+	+	+	-	-	-
1:40	+	-	+	-	-
1:80	-	-	-	-		-

Table 2 Oligonucleotide primers used for PCR reactions

Gene amplified	Primer sequence	Size of PCR product
ureA	HPU1:5’-GCCAATGGTAAATTAGTT-3’	411 bp
	HPU2:5’-CTCCTTAATTGTTTTTAC-3’
ureB	HPU55:5’-AATTGCAGAAATATCAC-3’	115 bp
	HPU17:5’-ACTTTATTGGCTGGTTT-3’
hpaA	HPYLO1:5’-GAATTACCATCCAGCTAGCG-3’	375 bp
	HPYLO2:5’-GTAACCTTGACAAAACCGGC-3’
vacA	VA1F:5’-ATGGAAATACAACAAACACAC-3’	259 bp
	VA1R:5’-CTGCTTGAATGCGCCAAAC-3’
cagA	F1:5’-GATAACAGGCAAGCTTTTGAGG-3	349 bp
	B1 :5’-TCTGCCAAACAATCTTTTGCAG-3’

ureA: urease gene A; ureB: urease gene B; hpaA: H.pylori adhesin gene A; vacA: vacuolating cytotoxin geneA; cagA: cytotoxin-associated gene A.

Table 3 Urease activity of H.pylori

Strain	Urease activity
	Spiral form	Coccoid form
F44	++++	+
F45	++++	++
F49	++++	+

Table 4 Adherence test of H.pylori to Hep-2 cells

	Rate of adherence			Index of adherence
	F44	F45	F49	F44	F45	F49
Spiral form	70.0 ± 5.3	73.0 ± 5.1	72.6 ± 4.5	2.60 ± 0.4	3.1 ± 0.5	2.90 ± 0.4
Coccoid form	33.0 ± 4.3	40.1 ± 3.7	35.5 ± 4.1	0.96 ± 0.3	1.0 ± 0.3	0.98 ± 0.4
t	12.1	11.7	13.6	7.5	8.1	7.6
P	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01