Pancreatic steatosis is not associated with advanced steatohepatitis or fibrosis in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of study participants compared by stage of fibrosis

	Stage 0 (n = 15)	Stage 1 (n = 20)	Stage 2 (n = 16)	Stage 3 (n = 10)	Stage 4 (n = 38)	Total (n = 99)
Agea	50.4 ± 3.4	53.5 ± 2.8	54.6 ± 3.1	58.4 ± 3.2	61.2 ± 1.8	56.7 ± 1.2
Sex (female/total) (%)	7/15 (47)	9/20 (45)	10/16 (63)	7/10 (70)	14/38 (37)	47/99 (47)
BMI	30.6 ± 1.4	34.5 ± 1.6	36.3 ± 2.3	39.0 ± 3.5	33.5 ± 1.3	34.3 ± 0.8
Alca	5.88 ± 0.2	6.14 ± 0.2	6.44 ± 0.3	8.56 ± 0.8	6.51 ± 02	6.48 ± 02
Diabetes (yes/total) (%)a	3/15 (20)	6/20 (30)	7/16 (44)	8/10 (80)	22/37 (59)	46/98 (47)
Hypertension (yes/total) (%)a	5/15 (33)	720 (35)	12/15 (80)	8/10 (80)	25/37 (68)	5797 (59)
Dysipidemia (yes/total) (%)	9/15 (60)	14/19 (74)	11/14 (79)	3/7 (43)	19/34 (56)	56/89 (63)
FIB-4a	1.43 ± 0.3	1.75 ± 0.5	1.65 ± 0.5	2.50 ± 0.6	4.54 ± 0.6	2.83 ± 0.3
NAFLD fibrosis scorea	-1.89 ± 0.5	-1.24 ± 0.3	-0.918 ± 0.6	0.475 ± 0.4	1.43 ± 0.3	-0.0996 ± 0.2

^aP < 0.005 was used to account for multiple comparisons.

Data presented as mean ± SEM. One-way ANOVA test used for age and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score comparisons. Kruskal-Wallis test was used for body mass index, A1c, and fibrosis-4 comparisons. The χ² test was used for sex, presence of diabetes, presence of hypertension, and presence of dyslipidemia comparisons. BMI: Body mass index; FIB-4: Fibrosis-4; NAFLD: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Table 2 Baseline characteristics of study participants compared by fibrosis category

	Minimal fibrosis (stage 0-2), n = 51	Advanced fibrosis (stage 3-4), n = 48	Total (n = 99)
Agea	52.9 ± 1.8	60.6 ± 1.6	56.7 ± 1.2
Sex (female/total) (%)	26/51 (51)	21/48 (44)	47/99 (47)
BMI	33.9 ± 1.1	34.6 ± 1.3	34.3 ± 0.8
Alc	6.12 ± 0.1	6.88 ± 0.3	6.48 ± 0.2
Diabetes (yes/total) (%)a	16/51 (31)	30/47(64)	46/98 (47)
Hypertension (yes/total) (%)	24/50 (48)	33/45 (73)	57/97 (59)
Dyslipidemia (yes/total) (%)	34/48 (71)	22/41 (50)	56/89 (63)
FIB-4a	1.63 ± 0.3	4.15 ± 0.5	2.83 ± 0.3
NAFLD fibrosis scorea	-1.33 ± 0.3	1.24 ± 0.2	-0.0996 ± 0.2

^aP < 0.005 was used to account for multiple comparisons.

Data presented as mean ± SEM. Independent two-sample t-test used for age and NAFLD fibrosis score comparisons. Wilcoxon test used for body mass index, A1c, and fibrosis-4 comparisons. The χ² test was used for sex, the presence of diabetes, the presence of hypertension, and the presence of dyslipidemia comparisons. BMI: Body mass index; FIB-4: Fibrosis-4; NAFLD: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Table 3 Baseline characteristics of study participants compared by metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis grade

	Grade 0 (n = 22)	Grade 1 (n = 66)	Grades 2 and 3 (n = 11)	Total (n = 99)
Age	55.6 ± 2.6	56.8 ± 1.5	58.2 ± 3.9	56.7 ± 1.2
Sex (female/total) (%)	8/22 (36)	32/66 (48)	7/11 (64)	4799 (47)
BMI	32.3 ± 1.3	34.8 ± 1.1	34.7 ± 2.2	34.3 ± 0.8
Alc	6.44 ± 0.4	6.48 ± 02	6.56 ± 0.4	6.48 ± 0.2
Diabetes (yes/total) (%)	8/22 (36)	33/65 (51)	5/11 (45)	46/98 (47)
Hypertension (yes/total) (%)	1222 (55)	36/64 (56)	9/11 (82)	57/97 (59)
Dysipidemia (yes/total) (%)	11/22 (50)	36/57 (63)	9/10 (90)	56/89 (63)
FIB-4	2.36 ± 0.5	3.13 ± 0.4	2.04 ± 0.5	2.83 ± 0.3
NAFLD fibrosis score	-0.176 ± 0.6	0.0329 ± 0.3	-0.705 ± 0.7	-0.0996 ± 0.2

Data presented as mean ± SEM. One-way ANOVA test used for age and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score comparisons. Kruskal-Wallis test was used for body mass index, A1c, and fibrosis-4 comparisons. The χ² test was used for sex, the presence of diabetes, the presence of hypertension, and the presence of dyslipidemia comparisons. BMI: Body mass index; FIB-4: Fibrosis-4; NAFLD: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.