Prospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2020.
World J Gastroenterol. Apr 14, 2020; 26(14): 1660-1673
Published online Apr 14, 2020. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i14.1660
Table 1 Characteristics of participants in pancreatic cancer screening program based on endoscopic ultrasound results
Baseline characteristicsNormal EUS (n = 74)Pancreatic Cyst (n = 25)BD-IPMN (n = 9)Diffuse abnormality (n = 9)Neoplastic tumours on EUS (n = 3)P value
Age (yr), mean (SD)55.0 (9.8)57.3 (7.9)60.1 (10.0)59.3 (8.8)57.7 (4.5)0.388
Age quartile, n (%)
Quartile 1 (35-50)23 (31.1)5 (20.0)1 (11.1)2 (22.2)0 (0.0)
Quartile 2 (51-56)17 (23.0)7 (28.0)3 (33.3)1 (11.1)1 (33.3)
Quartile 3 (57-63)20 (27.0)6 (24.0)2 (22.2)3 (33.3)2 (66.7)
Quartile 4 (64-78)14 (18.9)7 (28.0)3 (33.3)3 (33.3)0 (0.0)
BMI, mean (SD)27.3 (5.2)27.8 (5.4)26.8 (4.2)31.6 (3.4)24.0 (5.2)0.117
BMI quartile, n (%)0.0131
Quartile 1 (19.5-23.8)18 (24.3)6 (24.0)4 (44.4)0 (0.0)2 (66.7)
Quartile 2 (23.9-27.2)22 (29.7)8 (32.0)0 (0.0)0 (0.0)0 (0.0)
Quartile 3 (27.3-30.4)18 (24.3)6 (24.0)2 (22.2)3 (33.3)1 (33.3)
Quartile 4 (30.5-46.7)16 (21.6)5 (20.0)3 (33.3)6 (66.7)0 (0.0)
Gender, n (%)0.362
Female51 (68.9)18 (72.0)5 (55.6)4 (44.4)1 (33.3)
Male23 (31.1)7 (28.0)4 (44.4)5 (55.6)2 (66.7)
BRCA2 positive, n (%)10 (13.5)7 (28.0)0 (0.0)3 (33.3)2 (66.7)0.0321
First degree relatives with PC, n (%)0.947
03 (4.1)0 (0.0)0 (0.0)0 (0.0)0 (0.0)
143 (58.1)16 (64.0)4 (44.4)5 (55.6)2 (66.7)
221 (28.4)5 (20.0)5 (55.6)4 (44.4)1 (33.3)
37 (9.5)4 (16.0)0 (0.0)0 (0.0)0 (0.0)
Second degree relative with PC, n (%)0.432
023 (31.1)9 (36.0)5 (55.6)1 (11.1)2 (66.7)
117 (23.0)9 (36.0)0 (0.0)7 (77.8)1 (33.3)
220 (27.0)3 (12.0)2 (22.2)1 (11.1)0 (0.0)
38 (10.8)3 (12.0)2 (22.2)0 (0.0)0 (0.0)
46 (8.1)1 (4.0)0 (0.0)0 (0.0)0 (0.0)
Youngest PC diagnosis, median (IQR)50 (44-64.5)60 (46-66)65 (45.5-68.5)53 (38-70)75 (22-75)0.519
Ethnicity, n (%)0.848
Asian1 (1.4)1 (4.0)0 (0.0)0 (0.0)0 (0.0)
Caucasian70 (94.6)24 (96.0)9 (100.0)9 (100.0)3 (100.0)
Other3 (4.1)0 (0.0)0 (0.0)0 (0.0)0 (0.0)
Jewish origin, n (%)5 (6.8)7 (28.0)1 (11.1)1 (11.1)0 (0.0)0.079
Ashkenazi5 (7.4)6 (24.0)0 (0.0)1 (11.1)0 (0.0)0.121
Medical history
Personal history of cancer, n (%)13 (17.6)5 (20.0)3 (33.3)4 (44.4)1 (33.3)0.350
Diabetes, n (%)4 (5.4)1 (4.0)1 (11.1)2 (22.2)0 (0.0)0.434
Insulin, n (%)0 (0.0)0 (0.0)0 (0.0)1 (14.3)0 (0.0)0.184
Oral hypoglycaemic medication, n (%)4 (7.4)3 (16.7)1 (16.7)1 (14.3)0 (0.0)0.840
Smoking status, n (%)0.188
Never smoked32 (47.8)17 (68.0)5 (55.6)6 (66.7)2 (66.7)
Stopped smoking32 (47.8)7 (28.0)4 (44.4)3 (33.3)0 (.0)
Still smoking3 (4.5)1 (4.0)0 (.0)0 (.0)1 (33.3)
Cigarettes per day, Median (IQR)13.5 (6.0-20.0)12.5 (6.3-23.8)12.0 (1.0-12.0)10.0 (5.0-10.0)20.0 (20.0-20.0)0.929
Cigarettes per day quartile, n (%)0.963
Quartile 1 (1-6)11 (30.6)2 (25.0)1 (33.3)1 (33.3)0 (0.0)
Quartile 2 (7-12)7 (19.4)2 (25.0)1 (33.3)1 (33.3)0 (0.0)
Quartile 3 (15-20)14 (38.9)2 (25.0)0 (0.0)0 (0.0)1 (100.0)
Quartile 4 (25-75)4 (11.1)2 (25.0)1 (33.3)1 (33.3)0 (0.0)
Years smoking, n (%)0.629
< 1012 (33.3)3 (37.5)2 (50.0)1 (33.3)0 (0.0)
11-2011 (30.6)3 (37.5)0 (0.0)1 (33.3)0 (0.0)
21-308 (22.2)1 (12.5)2 (50.0)1 (33.3)0 (0.0)
31-404 (11.1)1 (12.5)0 (0.0)0 (0.0)1 (100.0)
41-501 (2.8)0 (0.0)0 (0.0)0 (0.0)0 (0.0)
> 5012 (33.3)3 (37.5)2 (50.0)1 (33.3)0 (0.0)
Alcohol consumption, n (%)0.209
Daily19 (25.7)7 (28.0)0 (0.0)3 (33.3)2 (66.7)
Weekly14 (18.9)5 (20.0)1 (11.1)2 (22.2)0 (0.0)
Social5 (6.8)5 (20.0)2 (22.2)2 (22.2)1 (33.3)
No history of chronic consumption36 (48.6)8 (32.0)6 (66.7)2 (22.2)0 (0.0)
Drinks per week, Median (IQR)6.0 (3.0-15.0)4 (2.0-10.0)2.5 (1.0-6.0)6.0 (1.0-15.0)21.0 (1.0-21.0)0.331
Drinks per week quartile, n (%)0.328
Quartile 1 (1 - 3)16 (25.8)6 (31.6)5 (62.5)2 (28.6)1 (33.3)
Quartile 2 (4 - 6)19 (30.6)4 (21.1)2 (25.0)2 (28.6)0 (0.0)
Quartile 3 (7 - 14)11 (17.7)7 (36.8)0 (0.0)1 (14.3)0 (0.0)
Quartile 4 (15 - 35)16 (25.8)2 (10.5)1 (12.5)2 (28.6)2 (66.7)
Age of first drink, Median (IQR)18.0 (17.0-18.0)20.0 (18.0-25.0)19.0 (18.0-21.0)17.0 (15.0-20.0)18.0 (15.0-18.0)0.0331
Years drinking, n (%)0.129
< 102 (3.4)2 (11.8)0 (0.0)0 (0.0)0 (0.0)
11-2011 (18.6)3 (17.6)3 (37.5)0 (0.0)0 (0.0)
21-3013 (22.0)6 (35.3)0 (0.0)2 (28.6)1 (33.3)
31-4022 (37.3)5 (29.4)2 (25.0)1 (14.3)2 (66.7)
41-508 (13.6)1 (5.9)2 (25.0)2 (28.6)0 (0.0)
> 502 (3.4)0 (0.0)1 (12.5)2 (28.6)0 (0.0)
Biochemistry
CRP, Median (IQR)1.3 (0.6-2.5)1.7 (0.7-4.2)1.4 (0.5-1.9)0.8 (0.6-4.4)0.8 (0.3-0.8)0.835
CA19-9, Median (IQR)9.0 (6.0-16.0)9.0 (7.0-15.8)9.0 (5.7-15.0)16.0 (8.5-19.5)47.0 (22.0-47.0)0.058
MIC-1/GDF15, Median (IQR)558.2 (449.6-715.3)574.3 (448.5-830.3)659.3 (484.2-1077.3)553.2 (512.9-967.0)849.1 (604.9- 849.1)0.178