Prospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2020. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Gastroenterol. Apr 14, 2020; 26(14): 1660-1673
Published online Apr 14, 2020. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i14.1660
Macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1/growth differentiation factor-15 in premalignant and neoplastic tumours in a high-risk pancreatic cancer cohort
Robert Sean O’Neill, Sam Emmanuel, David Williams, Alina Stoita
Robert Sean O’Neill, David Williams, Alina Stoita, Department of Gastroenterology, St Vincent’s Hospital, Sydney 2010, Australia
Sam Emmanuel, Alina Stoita, St Vincent’s Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2010, Australia
Author contributions: O’Neill RS contributed to the writing of the manuscript; Emmanuel S provided the statistical analysis; Stoita A and Williams D as senior authors designed the prospective study, performed screening and revised the manuscript.
Institutional review board statement: The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committees of St Vincent’s Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Clinical trial registration statement: This is not a clinical trial and therefore does not need to be registered under the clinical trials. Registration applies only to randomised control trials. There is no control arm, nor health intervention, the study looks at a new biomarker in an established pancreatic screening program. Results are not given to the patients and there is no intervention.
Informed consent statement: All study participants provided written informed consent prior to study enrolment.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare no competing interests.
Data sharing statement: There is no additional data available.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Alina Stoita, FRACP, MBBS, Assistant Lecturer, Doctor, Department of Gastroenterology, St Vincent’s Hospital Sydney, 390 Victoria Street, Sydney 2010, Australia. alina.stoita@svha.org.au
Received: December 24, 2019
Peer-review started: December 24, 2019
First decision: January 19, 2020
Revised: March 12, 2020
Accepted: March 27, 2020
Article in press: March 27, 2020
Published online: April 14, 2020
Processing time: 112 Days and 1.4 Hours
Core Tip

Core tip: In this prospective cohort study in an asymptomatic population at high risk of developing pancreatic cancer due to a genetic predisposition serum baseline macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 or growth differentiation factor-15 was shown to be a significant predictor of neoplastic tumours (both pancreatic and extra-pancreatic).