Mn-SOD and CuZn-SOD polymorphisms and interactions with risk factors in gastric cancer

doi:10.3748/wjg.v16.i37.4738

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World Journal of Gastroenterology

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1007-9327

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Gastroenterol. Oct 7, 2010; 16(37): 4738-4746
Published online Oct 7, 2010. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v16.i37.4738

Table 1 Primers used for genotyping

SNP		Primers	Concentration (μmol/L)
rs4998557	Forward	5’-CGGTGTGGTGTGGATGTTGTG-3’	1.0
	Reverse	5’-GCCCCCAGGAGAGGACTGATT-3’	1.0
	SF	5’-TTTTTTTTTTTTTCCATTACCTGAATGGCTATACTGCTT-3’	0.8
rs4880	Forward	5’-CGGGCTGTGCTTTCTCGTCTT-3’	2.0
	Reverse	5’-GCCAACGCCTCCTGGTACTTC-3’	2.0
	SR	5’-TTTTGGAGCCCAGATACCCCAAA-3’	1.6

SNP: Single nucleotide polymorphism; SF: Single-base extension forward; SR: Single-base extension reverse.

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Table 2 Demographic characteristics and risk factors for gastric cancer and malignant potential of gastric precancerous lesion

Variable	HC (%)	GPL (%)	GC (%)	¹P	GC vs GPL	GC vs HC
Variable	n = 147	n = 145	n = 140	¹P	²OR (95% CI)/P	²OR (95% CI)/P
Age (yr), mean ± SD	54.8 ± 9.6	55.8 ± 11.4	56.5 ± 10.3	0.370
Sex
Female	50 (34.0)	35 (24.1)	37 (26.4)		1	1
Male	97 (66.0)	110 (75.9)	103 (73.6)	0.146	1.13 (0.66-1.93)/0.656	0.70 (0.42-1.16)/0.163
Smoking³
No	114 (77.6)	104 (71.7)	102 (72.9)		1	1
Yes	33 (22.4)	41 (28.3)	38 (27.1)	0.484	0.95 (0.56-1.59)/0.831	1.29 (0.75-2.20)/0.358
Alcohol⁴
No	100 (68.0)	69 (47.6)	55 (39.3)		1	1
Yes	47 (32.0)	76 (52.4)	85 (60.7)	< 0.001	1.40 (0.88-2.25)/0.158	3.29 (2.03-5.34)/< 0.001
FH⁵
No	135 (91.8)	120 (82.8)	99 (73.8)		1	1
Yes	12 (8.2)	25 (17.2)	41 (26.2)	< 0.001	1.99 (1.13-3.49)/0.017	4.66 (2.33-9.32)/< 0.001
H. pylori
Negative	76 (51.7)	39 (26.9)	26 (18.6)		1	1
Type I	65 (44.2)	98 (67.6)	108 (77.1)	< 0.001	1.65 (0.94-2.91)/0.082	4.86 (2.83-8.35)/< 0.001
Type II	6 (4.1)	8 (5.5)	6 (4.3)	0.132	1.13 (0.35-3.62)/0.843	2.92 (0.87-9.86)/0.084

¹Gastric cancer (GC) vs gastric precancerous lesion (GPL) vs healthy control (HC), P values were calculated by One-Way ANOVA analysis, χ² test; ²OR (odds ratio), 95% CI (95% confidence interval), P values were calculated by logistic regression;

³Smoking history, at least one cigarette per day for 6 mo or longer;

⁴Alcohol drinking history, at least twice a week for 6 mo or longer and at least 100 g each time;

⁵Family history of gastric cancer, first-degree relatives with gastric cancer (parents, brothers or sisters). FH: Family history of gastric cancer.

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Table 3 Distribution of SOD1 G7958A and SOD2 Val16Ala polymorphisms

Variable	HC (%)	GPL (%)	GC (%)	¹P	GC vs GPL	GC vs HC
Variable	n = 147	n = 145	n = 140	¹P	²OR (95% CI)/P	²OR(95% CI)/P
SOD1
GG	78 (53.1)	47 (32.4)	39 (27.9)		1.00	1.00
AG	57 (38.8)	72 (49.7)	72 (51.4)		1.16 (0.67-2.02)/0.593	2.60 (1.54-4.39)/< 0.001
AA	12 (8.2)	26 (17.9)	29 (20.7)	< 0.001³	1.32 (0.66-2.62)/0.429	4.94 (2.26-10.80)/< 0.001
A/-	69 (46.9)	98 (67.6)	101 (72.1)	< 0.001⁴	1.21 (0.72-2.03)/0.483	3.01 (1.83-4.95)/< 0.001
SOD2
Val/Val	119 (81.0)	112 (77.2)	85 (60.7)		1.00	1.00
Ala/Val	27 (18.4)	31 (21.4)	48 (34.3)		2.04 (1.19-3.49)/0.009	2.57 (1.48-4.48)/0.001
Ala/Ala	1 (0.7)	2 (1.4)	7 (5.0)	0.001⁵	4.50 (0.91-22.29)/0.065	10.68 (1.26-90.79)/0.030
Ala/-	28 (19.0)	33 (22.8)	55 (39.3)	< 0.001⁶	2.19 (1.30-3.68)/0.003	2.85 (1.66-4.89)/< 0.001

¹P values were calculated by χ² test; ²Adjusted for age, sex, OR, 95% CI, P values were calculated by logistic regression;

³GG vs AG vs AA;

⁴GG vs A/-;

⁵Val/Val vs Ala/Val vs Ala/Ala;

⁶Val/Val vs Ala/-. A/-: AA + AG; Ala/-: Ala/Val + Ala/Ala. HC: Healthy control; GPL: Gastric precancerous lesion; GC: Gastric cancer.

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Table 4 Interaction of family history and SOD2 Val16Ala for malignant potential of gastric precancerous lesion

Family history	SOD2	GPL (%)	GC (%)	¹OR(95% CI)	β	γ = β_eg/β_e
Family history	SOD2	n = 145	n = 140	¹OR(95% CI)	β	γ = β_eg/β_e
Negative	Val/Val	89 (61.4)	58 (41.4)	1.00
Negative	Ala/-	31 (21.4)	41 (29.3)	2.22 (1.24-3.97)	0.80
Positive	Val/Val	24 (16.6)	27 (19.3)	1.99 (1.03-3.84)	0.69
Positive	Ala/-	1 (0.7)	14 (10.0)	7.71 (2.10-28.22)	2.04	2.96

A/-: AA + AG; Ala/-: Ala/Val + Ala/Ala. β: Regressive coefficient; γ: Interaction coefficients; β_eg: Regressive coefficient when genetic and environmental factors coexist; β_e: Regressive coefficient when environmental factors exist alone. ¹Adjusted for age, sex, OR, 95% CI, β were calculated by logistic regression. GPL: Gastric precancerous lesion; GC: Gastric cancer.

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Table 5 Interaction of SOD1 G7958A and environmental factors for gastric cancer development

Factors	SOD1	HC (%)	GC (%)	¹OR (95% CI)	β	γ = β_eg/β_e
Factors	SOD1	n = 147	n = 140	¹OR (95% CI)	β	γ = β_eg/β_e
Alcohol
No	GG	58 (39.5)	10 (7.1)	1.00
No	A/-	42 (28.6)	45 (32.1)	6.00 (2.70-13.33)	1.79
Yes	GG	21 (14.3)	29 (20.7)	10.30 (3.94-26.91)	2.33
Yes	A/-	26 (17.7)	56 (40.0)	16.50 (6.67-40.86)	2.80	1.20
Family history
Negative	GG	73 (49.7)	25 (17.9)	1.00
Negative	A/-	62 (42.2)	74 (52.9)	3.58 (2.02-6.37)	1.28
Positive	GG	6 (4.1)	14 (10.0)	7.70 (2.63-22.51)	2.04
Positive	A/-	6 (4.1)	27 (19.3)	15.56 (5.57-43.50)	2.75	1.35
Type I H. pylori
Negative	GG	55 (37.4)	10 (7.1)	1.00
Negative	A/-	27 (18.4)	22 (15.7)	4.48 (1.84-10.91)	1.50
Positive	GG	24 (16.3)	29 (20.7)	6.41 (2.69-15.27)	1.86
Positive	A/-	41 (27.9)	79 (56.4)	10.71 (4.92-23.33)	2.37	1.27

A/-: AA + AG; Ala/-: Ala/Val + Ala/Ala.

¹Adjusted for age, sex, OR, 95% CI, β were calculated by logistic regression. HC: Healthy control; GC: Gastric cancer.

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Table 6 Interaction of SOD2 Val16Ala and environmental factors for gastric cancer development

Factors	SOD2	HC (%)	GC (%)	¹OR (95% CI)	β	γ = β_eg/β_e
Factors	SOD2	n = 147	n = 140	¹OR (95% CI)	β	γ = β_eg/β_e
Alcohol
No	Val/Val	89 (60.5)	33 (23.6)	1.00
No	Ala/-	11 (7.5)	21 (15.0)	4.89 (2.11-11.36)	1.59
Yes	Val/Val	34 (23.1)	52 (37.1)	5.26 (2.62-10.55)	1.66
Yes	Ala/-	13 (8.8)	34 (24.3)	9.46 (4.08-21.94)	2.25	1.36
Family history
Negative	Val/Val	114 (77.6)	58 (41.4)	1.00
Negative	Ala/-	21 (14.3)	41 (29.3)	3.90 (2.09-7.27)	1.36
Positive	Val/Val	9 (6.1)	27 (19.3)	6.34 (2.75-14.59)	1.85
Positive	Ala/-	3 (2.0)	14 (10.0)	12.86 (3.36-49.25)	2.55	1.38
Type I H. pylori
Negative	Val/Val	75 (51.0)	23 (16.4)	1.00
Negative	Ala/-	7 (4.8)	9 (6.4)	4.90 (1.59-15.08)	1.59
Positive	Val/Val	48 (32.7)	61 (43.6)	4.24 (2.30-7.09)	1.44
Positive	Ala/-	17 (11.6)	47 (33.6)	9.07 (4.36-18.86)	2.21	1.53

A/-: AA + AG; Ala/-: Ala/Val + Ala/Ala. ¹Adjusted for age, sex, OR, 95% CI, β were calculated by logistic regression. HC: Healthy control; GC: Gastric cancer.

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Table 7 Interaction of SOD1 G7958A and SOD2 Val16Ala for gastric cancer development

Genotype		HC (%)	GC (%)	¹OR (95% CI)	P
SOD1	SOD2	n = 147	n = 140	¹OR (95% CI)	P
GG	Val/Val	72 (49.0)	31 (22.1)	1.00
A/-	Val/Val	50 (34.0)	54 (38.6)	2.54 (1.43-4.52)	0.002
GG	Ala/-	7 (4.8)	8 (5.7)	2.69 (0.89-8.14)	0.079
A/-	Ala/-	18 (12.2)	47 (33.6)	6.43 (3.20-12.91)	< 0.001

A/-: AA + AG; Ala/-: Ala/Val + Ala/Ala. ¹Adjusted for age, sex, OR, 95% CI and P values were calculated by logistic regression. HC: Healthy control; GC: Gastric cancer.

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Citation: Yi JF, Li YM, Liu T, He WT, Li X, Zhou WC, Kang SL, Zeng XT, Zhang JQ. Mn-SOD and CuZn-SOD polymorphisms and interactions with risk factors in gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2010; 16(37): 4738-4746
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v16/i37/4738.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v16.i37.4738