Copyright
©The Author(s) 2025. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Gastroenterol. Nov 7, 2025; 31(41): 111449
Published online Nov 7, 2025. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v31.i41.111449
Published online Nov 7, 2025. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v31.i41.111449
Risk assessment of type I gastric neuroendocrine tumors based on endoscopic and clinical features of autoimmune gastritis
Yan-Mei Li, Wen-Juan Guo, Dan Zhu, Qi-Lu Wei, Ming-Gang Zhang, Shi-Yu Du, Department of Gastroenterology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
Chao Deng, Huang-Ying Tan, Department of Integrative Oncology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
Jie Luo, Yan-Fen Shi, Department of Pathology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
Co-first authors: Yan-Mei Li and Wen-Juan Guo.
Co-corresponding authors: Shi-Yu Du and Huang-Ying Tan.
Author contributions: Li YM and Guo WJ equally contributed to the design of the study, acquiring and analyzing data from experiments, and writing of the manuscript; Deng C, Shi YF, Zhu D, and Wei QL performed the research; Luo J and Zhang MG analyzed the data; Tan HY and Du SY equally contributed to the conceptualization and revision; all authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
Institutional review board statement: This study was reviewed and approved by the China-Japan Friendship Hospital Institutional Review Board, No. 2025-KY-108-1.
Informed consent statement: In consideration of the retrospective nature of the study and the minimal risk to participants, a waiver of informed consent was granted.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
Data sharing statement: Technical appendix, statistical code, and dataset available from the corresponding author. Consent was not obtained but the presented data are anonymized and risk of identification is low.
Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Huang-Ying Tan, MD, PhD, Professor, Department of Integrative Oncology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 Yinghua East Road, Beijing 100029, China. tanhuangying@zryhyy.com.cn
Received: July 2, 2025
Revised: August 4, 2025
Accepted: September 26, 2025
Published online: November 7, 2025
Processing time: 127 Days and 18.5 Hours
Revised: August 4, 2025
Accepted: September 26, 2025
Published online: November 7, 2025
Processing time: 127 Days and 18.5 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: To explore the potential risk factors for gastric neuroendocrine tumors (gNETs) in autoimmune gastritis, 303 patients (116 with and 187 without gNETs) were analyzed. Patients in gNETs group were younger, had a higher rate of vitamin B12 deficiency, lower pepsinogen I levels and pepsinogen I/II ratios, fewer prior Helicobacter pylori infections, oxyntic mucosal remnants, gastric hyperplastic polyps, and patchy antral redness. The features selected using the Boruta algorithm included age, Helicobacter pylori infection status, vitamin B12 level, gastric hyperplastic polyps, and patchy antral redness. The identified predictors may facilitate risk stratification of gNETs in patients with autoimmune gastritis.