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©The Author(s) 2025. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Gastroenterol. Oct 21, 2025; 31(39): 111261
Published online Oct 21, 2025. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v31.i39.111261
Published online Oct 21, 2025. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v31.i39.111261
Clinical impact of multidrug-resistant organisms in liver cirrhosis: A retrospective cohort study in the intensive care setting
Iva Kosuta, Jaksa Babel, Frano Susak, Radovan Radonic, Division of Intensive Care, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
Iva Kosuta, Viktor Domislovic, Anna Mrzljak, Liver Transplant Unit, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
Viktor Domislovic, Anna Mrzljak, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
Laura Peretin, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital Varaždin, Varaždin 42000, Croatia
Dijana Varda Brkic, Ivana Marekovic, Department of Clinical Microbiology, Infection Prevention and Control, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
Ivana Marekovic, Anna Mrzljak, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
Author contributions: Kosuta I drafted the manuscript; Kosuta I and Babel J conceptualized the study and developed the methodology; Kosuta I, Babel J, Domislovic V, Susak F, and Peretin L retrieved data; Varda Brkic D, Marekovic I, Radonic R, and Mrzljak A provided critical appraisal; Marekovic I, Radonic R, and Mrzljak A contributed to the final version and supervised the study.
Institutional review board statement: The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the University Hospital Centre Zagreb (Approval No: 02/013 AG).
Informed consent statement: Waived due to the retrospective non-interventional nature of the research.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
STROBE statement: The authors have read the STROBE Statement-checklist of items, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the STROBE Statement-checklist of items.
Data sharing statement: Deidentified data supporting the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request and with institutional approval.
Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Iva Kosuta, MD, PhD, Consultant, Division of Intensive Care, Depart
Received: June 26, 2025
Revised: July 25, 2025
Accepted: September 15, 2025
Published online: October 21, 2025
Processing time: 117 Days and 11 Hours
Revised: July 25, 2025
Accepted: September 15, 2025
Published online: October 21, 2025
Processing time: 117 Days and 11 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: This retrospective intensive care unit cohort study evaluated the impact of multidrug-resistant colonization in patients with liver cirrhosis. While colonization was common, especially in those with acute-on-chronic liver failure, it was not independently linked to infection or short-term mortality. However, high concordance between colonizing and infecting strains supports its role in guiding empirical antibiotic therapy once infection is suspected. These findings highlight the importance of early screening, local resistance data, and tailored empirical treatment to improve outcomes of critically ill patients with cirrhosis.