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©The Author(s) 2025. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Gastroenterol. Oct 14, 2025; 31(38): 111210
Published online Oct 14, 2025. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v31.i38.111210
Published online Oct 14, 2025. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v31.i38.111210
Oral microbiome and inflammatory bowel disease: New understanding and call to action
Michael Saadeh, Sydney Donohue, Shaina Ailawadi, Gordon Hong, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States
David A Johnson, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Macon and Joan Brock VA Health Sciences at Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23507, United States
Author contributions: Saadeh M, Donohue S, Ailawadi S, Hong G, and Johnson DA contributed to the creation and editing of the manuscript.
Conflict-of-interest statement: Dr. Johnson reports that he is a clinical investigator for IsoThrive.
Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: David A Johnson, MD, MACG, MACP, FASGE, FVGS, Full Professor, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Macon and Joan Brock VA Health Sciences at Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23507, United States.
Received: June 26, 2025
Revised: July 29, 2025
Accepted: September 1, 2025
Published online: October 14, 2025
Processing time: 111 Days and 6.7 Hours
Revised: July 29, 2025
Accepted: September 1, 2025
Published online: October 14, 2025
Processing time: 111 Days and 6.7 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: The oral microbiome, traditionally studied in the context of dental disease, is now recognized as a key player in systemic inflammation, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This minireview outlines emerging evidence of shared microbial signatures, immune pathways, and pathogenic mechanisms between the oral cavity and gut in IBD. We highlight diagnostic and therapeutic opportunities targeting oral dysbiosis, including oral probiotics, dental hygiene, and periodontal therapy, as novel adjuncts to IBD management. Greater integration of oral health into IBD management may offer a more comprehensive and personalized treatment approach.