Gastrointestinal involvement in paediatric COVID-19 — from pathogenesis to clinical management: A comprehensive review

doi:10.3748/wjg.v27.i23.3303

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World Journal of Gastroenterology

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1007-9327

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World J Gastroenterol. Jun 21, 2021; 27(23): 3303-3316
Published online Jun 21, 2021. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i23.3303

Gastrointestinal involvement in paediatric COVID-19 — from pathogenesis to clinical management: A comprehensive review

Carmelina Calitri, Ilaria Fumi, Maria Giovanna Ignaccolo, Elena Banino, Franco Garofalo, Mariella Pace, Francesca Fantone, Maria Maddalena Lupica, Stefania Benetti

Carmelina Calitri, Ilaria Fumi, Maria Giovanna Ignaccolo, Elena Banino, Stefania Benetti, Maria Maddalena Lupica, Francesca Fantone, Mariella Pace, Franco Garofalo, Department of Paediatrics, Infermi Hospital, ASLTO3, Rivoli 10098, Italy

Author contributions: All the authors contributed equally to the work; the final version of the manuscript was revised and approved by all of the authors.

Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest in the subject matter of the submitted article.

Corresponding author: Carmelina Calitri, MD, Doctor, Department of Paediatrics, Infermi Hospital, ASLTO3, Via Rivalta 29, Rivoli 10098, Italy. carmelina_calitri@libero.it

Received: January 28, 2021
Peer-review started: January 28, 2021
First decision: February 24, 2021
Revised: March 10, 2021
Accepted: May 24, 2021
Article in press: May 24, 2021
Published online: June 21, 2021
Processing time: 140 Days and 5.9 Hours

Core Tip

Core Tip: Gastrointestinal signs and symptoms seem to be more common in paediatric coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) compared to adults. Manifestations are generally self-limited, and may only require supportive treatment. In a minority of children, gastrointestinal involvement may precede severe forms such as the multisystem inflammatory syndrome. Conversely to what is expected, the COVID-19 impact on paediatric patients with chronic gastrointestinal diseases is limited, with no need for therapeutic regimen changes. However, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pandemic determined multiple variations in routine practice. The use of telemedicine and telehealth can be a solution in order to continue to provide regular follow-up to chronic patients, avoiding the risk of viral transmission.