Xu YW, Xing RX, Zhang WH, Li L, Wu Y, Hu J, Wang C, Luo QL, Shen JL, Chen X. Toxoplasma ROP16I/III ameliorated inflammatory bowel diseases via inducing M2 phenotype of macrophages. World J Gastroenterol 2019; 25(45): 6634-6652 [PMID: 31832003 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i45.6634]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Xi Chen, MD, PhD, Chief Doctor, Dean, Director, Professor, Senior Researcher, Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Ji Xi Road, Hefei 230022, Anhui Province, China. ayfychenxi@163.com
Research Domain of This Article
Immunology
Article-Type of This Article
Basic Study
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
World J Gastroenterol. Dec 7, 2019; 25(45): 6634-6652 Published online Dec 7, 2019. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i45.6634
Toxoplasma ROP16I/III ameliorated inflammatory bowel diseases via inducing M2 phenotype of macrophages
Yong-Wei Xu, Rui-Xin Xing, Wen-Hui Zhang, Lu Li, Yi Wu, Jing Hu, Cong Wang, Qing-Li Luo, Ji-Long Shen, Xi Chen
Yong-Wei Xu, Rui-Xin Xing, Wen-Hui Zhang, Lu Li, Yi Wu, Jing Hu, Xi Chen, Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui Province, China
Cong Wang, Qing-Li Luo, Ji-Long Shen, Department of Pathogen Biology, Provincial Laboratory of Pathogen Biology and Zoonoses Anhui, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui Province, China
Author contributions: Chen X, Sheng JL and Xu YW conceived and designed the trial; Xu YW, Li L, Xing RX and Wu Y performed the experiments; Xu YW, Zhang WH, Hu J, Wang C and Luo QL analysed the data; Xu YW wrote the manuscript; Chen X, Sheng JL and Xu YW critically revised the manuscript; All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
Supported bythe National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81471983; the Key Research and Development Plan Project of Anhui Province, Department of Science and Technology 2019, No. 201904a07020043; the Key Project of Natural Science Research in the Universities of Anhui Provence, No. KJ2017A202; and the Research Fund Project of Anhui Institute of Transforming Medicine, No. 2017zhyx04.
Institutional review board statement: This study does not involve human and animal subjects.
Institutional animal care and use committee statement: No animal models were used in this study.
Conflict-of-interest statement: None of the authors has any conflicts of interest to declare.
Data sharing statement: No additional data are available.
ARRIVE guidelines statement: The ARRIVE guidelines have been adopted.
Corresponding author: Xi Chen, MD, PhD, Chief Doctor, Dean, Director, Professor, Senior Researcher, Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Ji Xi Road, Hefei 230022, Anhui Province, China. ayfychenxi@163.com
Telephone: +86-551-65908802 Fax: +86-551-65908802
Received: August 9, 2019 Peer-review started: August 9, 2019 First decision: September 19, 2019 Revised: October 3, 2019 Accepted: November 13, 2019 Article in press: November 13, 2019 Published online: December 7, 2019 Processing time: 118 Days and 22.1 Hours
Core Tip
Core tip:Toxoplasma ROP16I/III (ToxoROP16I/III) induced RAW264.7 polarization to M2 macrophage, down-regulated the M1-associated inflammation response and protective Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells. ToxoROP16I/III can phosphorylate and activate the transcription factors signal transducer and activator of signal transducer and activator of transcription (Stat) 3 and Stat6, promote the polarization of M2 cells, and enhance the synthesis of arginase-1, interleukin (IL)-10, transforming growth factor-β1, and IL-13. The IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, nitric oxide (NO), and inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS)produced by M1 cells were notably downregulated when the ToxoROP16I/III-induced M2 macrophages were added to the mixture of culture.Co-culture with Caco-2 cells through transwell alleviated Caco-2 cell apoptosis and caspase-3, -8, and -9 associated proteins. This study aims to confirm that ToxoROP16I/III may provide a novel strategy for IBD immuno-therapy with parasite-derived effector molecules.
