Published online Feb 14, 2024. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i6.565
Peer-review started: December 4, 2023
First decision: December 8, 2023
Revised: December 20, 2023
Accepted: January 16, 2024
Article in press: January 16, 2024
Published online: February 14, 2024
Processing time: 62 Days and 22.2 Hours
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a highly lethal malignancy with limited treatment options. Deubiquitinases (DUBs), crucial for maintaining protein homeostasis, are emerging as key players influencing vital cellular processes in ESCC, offering new treatment avenues. In addition, the ongoing development of small molecule inhibitors targeting DUBs shows significant promise, with several preclinical and clinical trials underway.
Recognizing the crucial involvement of DUBs in malignant tumor development, JOSD2, a specific DUB, has been identified as playing a pivotal role in controlling protein deubiquitination and impacting essential cellular processes in cancer. Nevertheless, the function of JOSD2 in ESCC remains uncertain.
The objective of this study was to explore the impact of JOSD2 on the progression of ESCC.
Bioinformatics analyses were used to investigate the expression patterns, prognosis, and enriched pathways of JOSD2 in ESCC tissues. Manipulation of JOSD2 expression in ESCC cell lines (KYSE30 and KYSE150) was achieved through lentiviral transduction. Comprehensive functional assays, encompassing cell proliferation, colony formation, drug sensitivity, migration, and invasion assays, were conducted to unveil the influence of JOSD2 on ESCC cell lines. Additionally, the effects of JOSD2 on xenograft tumor growth and drug sensitivity in vivo were assessed. Proteins interacting with JOSD2 were determined by mass spectrometry.
The initial results suggested that JOSD2 was highly expressed in ESCC tissues and was associated with a poor prognosis. Subsequent investigations revealed upregulation of JOSD2 in ESCC cell lines compared to normal esophageal cells. JOSD2 knockdown inhibited various ESCC cell activities, including proliferation, colony formation, and migration, as well as reducing drug resistance. Conversely, JOSD2 overexpression enhanced these phenotypes. In vivo xenograft assays confirmed that JOSD2 promoted tumor proliferation and drug resistance in ESCC. Mechanistically, JOSD2 appears to activate the MAPK/ERK and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. Mass spectrometry identified four primary proteins interacting with JOSD2: USP47, IGKV2D-29, HSP90AB1, and PRMT5.
JOSD2 promotes cell proliferation, migration, and drug resistance in ESCC.
JOSD2 is a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of ESCC.