Published online Aug 21, 2023. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i31.4797
Peer-review started: June 15, 2023
First decision: July 14, 2023
Revised: July 21, 2023
Accepted: July 28, 2023
Article in press: July 28, 2023
Published online: August 21, 2023
Processing time: 64 Days and 1.8 Hours
Patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) will develop various complications with the progression of the disease. Upregulated systemic arginine vasopressin (AVP) has been observed in patients with advanced CLD. However, measuring AVP is clinically challenging due to the short half-life. Copeptin is a C-terminus of AVP precursor, which may be of importance for prognostic prediction in patients with CLD.
Identifying biomarkers that predict the prognosis of patients with CLD is clinically important. Although there are pilot studies aiming to correlate copeptin with survival of patients with CLD, the results are not always consistent. In this regard, a systematic review with meta-analysis is particularly useful.
To investigate the correlation between serum copeptin and transplant-free survival (TFS) in patients with CLD with a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Studies were obtained by search of PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. Two authors independently screened the studies, assessed the study quality with Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, and extracted the data. Risk ratios and corresponding 95% confidence intervals were used as the variables to indicate the association between serum concentration of copeptin and the survival of patients with CLD. The RevMan and Stata software were used for the statistical analyses.
This meta-analysis enrolled ten datasets involving 3133 patients, who were followed for 1 to 48 mo (mean: 12.5 mo). We found that a high level of serum copeptin was associated with a poor TFS, with a risk ratio of 1.82. Additionally, sensitivity analysis retrieved similar results by omitting one dataset at a time. The robustness of the finding was further evidenced by consistent results of subgroup analyses according to study country, study design, patient diagnosis, cutoff of copeptin, follow-up duration, and study quality score.
High serum concentration of copeptin may be associated with a poor clinical prognosis in patients with CLD. These findings were not significantly affected by either of the included studies and were not influenced by multiple study characteristics within the subgroup analysis.
In view of the standard methods for the measuring copeptin in clinical practice, as well as the finding of the meta-analysis, evaluating serum copeptin may be considered at the initial management of patients with CLD, which may provide prognostic significance.