Comparison of outcomes following valve-sparing aortic root replacement in patients with bicuspid and tricuspid aortic valves: A meta-analysis

Table 1 Characteristics of included studies, n (%)

Ref.	Country	Study period	Follow-up (years)	Sample size (n)		Age (years)		Male gender
				BAV	TAV	BAV	TAV	BAV	TAV
Aicher et al[25], 2007	Germany	1995–2006	10	81	193	52 ± 12	62 ± 15	69 (85.2)	132 (68.4)
Martín et al[19], 2017	Spain	2004–2015	5	57	103	46.0 ± 11.8	57.5 ± 17.8	57 (100)	89 (88.1)
Karciauskas et al[21], 2019	Lithuania	2004–2016	10	29	63	42.4 ± 12	55.3 ± 14.9	56 (88.9)	27 (93.1)
Schäfers et al[14], 2015	Spain	1995–2013	15	290	431	54 ± 15	–	–	–
Kvitting et al[17], 2013	United States	1993–2009	10	63	170	43 ± 12	36 ± 13	50 (79.4)	115 (67.6)
Bavaria et al[18], 2015	United States	2004–2013	5	40	89	46 ± 12	45 ± 15	35 (87.5)	63 (70.8)
Shrestha et al[20], 2018	Germany	1993–2015	8.7	24	173	40 (30–47)	49 (35–62)	21 (87.5)	123 (71.1)
Ouzounian et al[22], 2019	Canada	1988–2012	8.2	45	135	40 ± 13	41 ± 14	121 (89.6)	39 (86.7)
Malvindi et al[16], 2012	Italy	2002–2011	5	24	108	–	–	–	–
Miyahara et al[15], 2020	Germany	1995–2018	15	414	589	–	–	–	–
Mokashi et al[13], 2022	United States	2002–2017	8	71	71	48 ± 12	49 ± 12	57 (80.3)	52 (73.2)
François et al[24], 2025	Belgium	2000-2023	7.9	65	171	41.9 ± 14.4	48.7 ± 18.2	51 (77.2)	129 (74.6)
Levine et al[23], 2023	United States	2005-2020	4.1	156	156	45.00 ± 12.72	46.00 ± 12.72	131 (84)	133 (85.3)

BAV: Bicuspid aortic valve; TAV: Tricuspid aortic valve.

Table 2 Patient characteristics of the included studies

Ref.	Sample size (n)		Aortic regurgitation grade I				EF (%)		Marfan syndrome		Dissection		Prolapse correction
	BAV	TAV	Grade I	Grade II	Grade III	Grade IV	BAV	TAV	BAV	TAV	BAV	TAV	BAV	TAV
Aicher et al[25], 2007	81	193	71	64	116	23	–	–	0	5	6	40	70	103
Martín et al[19], 2017	57	103	224	37	3	3	85.40	≥ 55	107	7	–	–	47	56
Karciauskas et al[21], 2019	29	63	5	47	38	2	53.6 ± 7.5	48.7 ± 10.1	–	–	1	6	28	53
Schäfers et al[14], 2015	290	431	56	183	436	21	–	–	–	–	29	59	–	–
Kvitting et al[17], 2013	63	170	89	64	52	28	62	61	3	91	0	0	42	63
Bavaria et al[18], 2015	40	89	19	38	20	28	58 ± 9	56 ± 10	0	47	–	–	40	13
Shrestha et al[20], 2018	24	173	21	29	50	97	–	–	60	–	–	–	11	14
Ouzounian et al[22], 2019	45	135	–	–	–	–	75	≥ 60	4	71	–	–	42	59
Malvindi et al[16], 2012	24	108	–	–	–	–	88	> 45	5	1	–	–	10	3
Miyahara et al[15], 2020	414	589	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Mokashi et al[13], 2022	71	71	58	33	29	22	57 ± 5.4	57 ± 5.6	–	–	0	1	–	–
François et al[24], 2025	65	171	–	–	–	–	–	–	5 (7.6)	64 (36.9)	4 (6.1)	26 (15)	–	–
Levine et al[23], 2023	156	156	–	–	–	–	56.33 ± 4.49	56.67 ± 3.74	–	–	–	–	–	–

BAV: Bicuspid aortic valve; EF: Ejection fraction; TAV: Tricuspid aortic valve.