Outcomes of laparoscopic bile duct exploration for choledocholithiasis with small common bile duct

Table 1 Baseline clinical characteristics of patients with common bile duct stones

		Before matching, n = 257			After matching, n = 184
		Large CBD, n = 146	Small CBD, n = 111	P value	Large CBD, n = 92	Small CBD, n = 92	P value
Gender	Male	57	50	0.333	34	37	0.650
	Female	89	61		58	55
Age in yr		60.2 ± 14.6	57.6 ± 12.4	0.138	59.3 ± 15.3	57.7 ± 12.1	0.443
TBil in μmol/L		13.6 (1.6-34.02)	15.6 (4.1-33.7)	0.227	12.7 (2.1-34.02)	13.5 (4.15-33.7)	0.39
ALT in U/L		48.5 (7-609)	43 (6-626)	0.364	33 (7-609)	51 (6-626)	0.152
AST in U/L		30 (10-881)	23 (10-308)	0.012	26 (10-486)	24 (10-308.8)	0.729
GTP in U/L		265 (11-2135)	171 (10-1539)	0.037	101 (11-1240)	186.5 (10-1539)	0.076
Number of stone	Single	52	40	0.945	34	32	0.759
	Multiple	94	71		58	60
Diameter of stones in cm		1.0 (0.3-3.0)	0.6 (0.2-2.0)	0.000	1.0 (0.3-2.5)	0.6 (0.2-1.7)	0.000
Hypertension	No	116	77	0.064	72	67	0.391
	Yes	30	34		20	25
Diabetes	No	132	97	0.441	83	82	0.809
	Yes	14	14		9	10
Heart disease	No	134	102	0.974	85	83	0.601
	Yes	12	9		7	9
Pulmonary disease	No	144	107	0.449	90	90	1.000
	Yes	2	4		2	2
Cerebrovascular disease	No	142	108	1.000	90	90	1.000
	Yes	4	3		2	2

ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; CBD: Common bile duct; GTP: Glutamyl transpeptidase; TBil: Total bilirubin.

Table 2 Safety profile and procedure-related short-term outcomes of the small common bile duct and large common bile duct groups

		Before matching, n = 257			After matching, n = 184
		Large CBD, n = 146	Small CBD, n = 111	P value	Large CBD, n = 92	Small CBD, n = 92	P value
Operating time in min		115.7 ± 32.0	107.2 ± 28.3	0.379	114.7 ± 33.7	106.4 ± 27.7	0.073
Intraoperative blood loss in mL		20 (5-200)	20 (5-200)	0.028	20 (5-200)	20 (5-200)	0.168
Convert to laparotomy	No	145	111	1.000	92	92
	Yes	1	0		0	0
Successful stone clearance	No	2	4	0.449	2	2	1.000
	Yes	144	107		90	90
Bile leakage	No	137	105	0.797	85	88	0.351
	Yes	9	6		7	4
Bleeding	No	145	111	1.000	91	92	1.000
	Yes	1	0		1	0
Abdominal infection	No	138	106	0.724	85	88	0.351
	Yes	8	5		7	4
Pneumonia	No	138	110	0.102	86	91	0.123
	Yes	8	1		6	1
Incision infection	No	140	110	0.239	88	92	0.129
	Yes	6	1		4	0
Postoperative hospital stay in d		7.7 ± 2.7	7.4 ± 3.6	0.406	7.7 ± 2.7	7.3 ± 3.7	0.392

CBD: Common bile duct.

Table 3 Procedure-related long-term outcomes of the small common bile duct and large common bile duct groups

		Before matching, n = 257			After matching, n = 184
		Large CBD, n = 146	Small CBD, n = 111	P value	Large CBD, n = 92	Small CBD, n = 92	P value
Choledochal Stenosis	No	146	111		92	92
	Yes	0	0		0	0
Stone Recurrence	No	136	109	0.057	86	90	0.278
	Yes	10	2		6	2

CBD: Common bile duct.