Short-term outcomes of radiofrequency ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma using cone-beam computed tomography for planning and image guidance

Table 1 Baseline patient characteristics and short-term treatment responses

Number of patients	Total patients	Disease progression	Deaths
	48	31 (64.5%)	10 (20.8%)
Sex
Male	44	28	6
Female	4	3	4
Age (years): 58 (37-89)
< 58	23	12	3
≥ 58	25	19	7
Tumour size (cm): 3.2 (1.2-6.6)
< 2	11	2	0
≥ 2 and < 5	26	21	2
≥ 5	11	8	8
Tumour adjacent to the aorta, diaphragm, or digestive tract
Yes	6	5	2
No	42	26	8
Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage
A	18	8	2
B	30	23	8
C	0	-	-
D	0	-	-
Child-Pugh score
A	48	31	10
B	0	-	-
C	0	-	-
mRECIST–Post-RFA
CR	38 (79.2%)	22	6
PR	10 (20.8%)	9	4
SD	0	-	-
PD	0	-	-
mRECIST–final follow-up
CR	16 (33.3%)	-	-
PR	1 (2.1%)	-	-
SD	0	-	-
PD	31 (64.6%)	31	10

Age and tumour size are presented as the median (range, minimum to maximum). RFA: Radiofrequency ablation; CR: Complete response; PR: Partial response; SD: Stable disease; PD: Progressive disease.

Table 2 Univariate Cox regression analysis of factors related to overall survival

Variable	P value
Sex	0.019
Age	0.676
Tumour size
< 2 cm	0.008
≥ 5 cm	0.853
Tumour adjacent to the aorta, diaphragm, or digestive tract	0.662
Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage	0.157
mRECIST–Post-RFA	0.090

RFA: Radiofrequency ablation.

Table 3 Prognostic factors and predictors of disease progression according to Cox regression analysis

Variable	mTTP (mo)	Univariate analysis	Cox proportional hazards model (multivariate analysis)
		P value	HR	P value	95%CI
Sex		0.246
Male	12.9
Female	6.0
Age (years)		0.001	1.052	0.036	1.003-1.103
< 58	35.2
≥ 58	11.1
Tumour size (cm)
< 2	-	< 0.001
≥ 5	9.7	0.468
Tumour adjacent to the aorta, diaphragm, or digestive tract		0.189
Yes	13.9
No	9.7
Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage		0.010
A	35.2
B	11.1
mRECIST–Post-RFA		0.003	4.080	0.021	1.231-13.524
CR	14.1
PR	6.4

mTTP: Median time to progression; HR: Hazard ratio; RFA: Radiofrequency ablation; CR: Complete response; PR: Partial response.