Animal models of cathartic colon

Table 1 Summary of cathartic colon animal models

Chemical	Initial/final dose (mg/kg/d)	Method of administration	Animals	Molding cycle (d)	Melanosis coli	Ref.
Rhubarb	100/3200	Drug-containing fodder	Wistar rat, male and female	30	No	[9]
	200/2400			90		[39,40]
	200/3600					[41]
	200/2600					[9]
	200/2400		SD rat, male and female			[42]
	200/3200	Gavage				[32]
	200/3800		SD rat, male	84		[43]
	300/5400		Wistar rat, male	136		[21]
	1000/9000		SD rat, male and female	-		[44]
	6000/6000		Guinea pig, male	60	Yes	[31]
	3000/3000
	12000/12000
	24000/24000
	1160/1160		Guinea pig, male and female	56		[45]
	1160/1160			28
	2000/2000		Guinea pig	30		[46]
	4000/4000
	2000/2000			60
	4000/4000
Emodin	100/6400	Drug-containing fodder	KM mouse, male	82	No	[47]
Rhein	240/320	Gavage	Wistar rat, male	115		[48,49]
	240/320		SD rat, male and female	110		[27,28,33]
	240/320		Wistar rat, male	114		[21]
Total anthraquinone in rhubarb	500/4500	Gavage	SD rat, male	92		[18]
Senna	460/460		Guinea pig, male and female	28	Yes	[45]
	460/460			56
Phenolphthalein	100/4000	Drug-containing fodder	Wistar rat, male and female	30	No	[9]
	200/3400			-		[29]
	200/3200			90		[39]
	200/3600					[9]
	200/3600					[50]
	200/4200	Gavage	SD rat, male and female			[32]
	15430/15430		Guinea pig, male and female	28	Yes	[45]
	15430/15430			56

SD: Sprague-Dawley.