Early cardiopulmonary resuscitation on serum levels of myeloperoxidase, soluble ST2, and hypersensitive C-reactive protein in acute myocardial infarction patients

Table 1 Comparison of baseline data between the observation group and the control group, n (%)

Clinical data	Observation group (n = 54)	Control group (n = 50)	t/χ2	P value
Male / female	32/22	31/19	0.082	0.775
Age (yr)	56.60 ± 6.67	57.12 ± 7.10	-0.385	0.701
Body mass index (kg/m2)	22.19 ± 2.03	22.03 ± 2.17	0.389	0.698
Smoking	34 (62.96)	32 (64.00)	0.012	0.913
Hypertension	33 (61.11)	29 (58.00)	0.104	0.747
Diabetes	16 (29.63)	17 (34.00)	0.229	0.632
Hyperlipidemia	20 (37.04)	15 (30.00)	0.576	0.448

Table 2 Comparison of serum indices between the observation group and the control group

Index	Control group (n = 54)	Control group (n = 50)	t	P value
MPO (ng/L)	2.95 ± 0.89	2.01 ± 0.92	5.295	0.000
sST-2 (μg/L)	115.50 ± 21.10	96.60 ± 17.22	4.981	0.000
hs-CRP (mg/L)	3.76 ± 0.97	2.67 ± 0.87	6.015	0.000
Lactic acid (mmol/L)	5.77 ± 0.88	5.02 ± 0.92	4.249	0.000
CK-MB (U/L)	76.39 ± 8.28	65.50 ± 12.21	5.358	0.000
cTnI (μg/L)	4.59 ± 0.82	3.83 ± 0.90	4.506	0.000
Scr (μmol/L)	78.29 ± 21.12	74.40 ± 19.18	0.981	0.329
BUN (mmol/L)	6.70 ± 1.00	6.92 ± 1.04	-1.100	0.274
AST (U/L)	32.20 ± 9.29	34.40 ± 8.15	-1.279	0.204
ALT (U/L)	29.38 ± 5.60	30.10 ± 5.12	-0.683	0.496
TC (mmol/L)	4.20 ± 0.92	4.10 ± 0.98	0.537	0.593
TG (mmol/L)	1.30 ± 0.32	1.35 ± 0.39	-0.717	0.475
HDL-C (mmol/L)	1.31 ± 0.29	1.35 ± 0.30	-0.691	0.491
LDL-C (mmol/L)	2.24 ± 0.82	2.44 ± 0.91	-1.179	0.241

MPO: Myeloperoxidase; sST2: Soluble ST2; hs-CRP: Hypersensitive C-reactive protein; CK-MB: Creatine kinase isoenzyme; cTnI: Cardiac troponin I; Scr: Serum creatinine; BUN: Blood urea nitrogen; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; TC: Total cholesterol; TG: Triglyceride; HDL-C: High-density lipoprotein; LDL-C: Low-density lipoprotein.

Table 3 Comparison of serum indices such as myeloperoxidase and soluble ST2 in the observation group before and after cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Index	Before CPR (n = 54)	After CPR (n = 54)	t	P value
MPO (ng/L)	2.95 ± 0.89	2.30 ± 0.90	3.701	0.000
sST-2 (μg/L)	115.50 ± 21.10	105.54 ± 17.89	2.586	0.011
hs-CRP (mg/L)	3.76 ± 0.97	3.01 ± 0.95	3.979	0.000
Lactic acid (mmol/L)	5.77 ± 0.88	5.15 ± 0.82	3.709	0.000
CK-MB (U/L)	76.39 ± 8.28	70.40 ± 11.16	3.124	0.002
cTnI (μg/L)	4.59 ± 0.82	4.02 ± 0.97	3.244	0.002

CPR: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation; MPO: Myeloperoxidase; sST2: Soluble ST2; hs-CRP: Hypersensitive C-reactive protein; CK-MB: Creatine kinase isoenzyme; cTnI: Cardiac troponin I.

Table 4 Comparison of serum indices such as myeloperoxidase and soluble ST2 in the observation group between the restoration of spontaneous circulation patients and non-restoration of spontaneous circulation patients

Index	ROSC group (n = 24)	Non-ROSC group (n = 30)	t	P value
MPO (ng/L)	2.71 ± 0.42	3.14 ± 0.47	-3.500	0.001
sST-2 (μg/L)	110.20 ± 15.65	119.90 ± 17.05	-2.154	0.036
hs-CRP (mg/L)	3.54 ± 0.72	3.97 ± 0.82	-2.020	0.049
Lactic acid (mmol/L)	5.52 ± 0.70	5.98 ± 0.63	-2.538	0.014
CK-MB (U/L)	74.43 ± 6.50	78.38 ± 7.10	-2.108	0.040
cTnI (μg/L)	4.41 ± 0.70	4.81 ± 0.65	-2.172	0.034

ROSC: Restoration of spontaneous circulation; MPO: Myeloperoxidase; sST2: Soluble ST2; hs-CRP: Hypersensitive C-reactive protein; CK-MB: Creatine kinase isoenzyme; cTnI: Cardiac troponin I.

Table 5 Comparison of serum indices such as myeloperoxidase and soluble ST2 in the observation group between the patients who died and survived before cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Index	Death (n = 35)	Survival (n = 19)	t	P value
MPO (ng/L)	3.11 ± 0.58	2.64 ± 0.68	2.676	0.010
sST-2 (μg/L)	120.02 ± 15.30	106.83 ± 16.10	2.971	0.004
hs-CRP (mg/L)	3.89 ± 0.59	3.50 ± 0.60	2.306	0.025
Lactic acid (mmol/L)	5.69 ± 0.80	5.19 ± 0.74	2.250	0.029
CK-MB (U/L)	74.82 ± 6.82	73.68 ± 7.05	0.580	0.565
cTnI (μg/L)	4.62 ± 0.78	4.53 ± 0.69	0.421	0.675

MPO: Myeloperoxidase; sST2: Soluble ST2; hs-CRP: Hypersensitive C-reactive protein; CK-MB: Creatine kinase isoenzyme; cTnI: Cardiac troponin I.

Table 6 Receiver operating characteristic curve parameters for predicting restoration of spontaneous circulation

Parameter	Area under curve	P value	Cut off value	Sensitivity (%)	Specificity (%)
MPO	0.616	0.039	3.50	40.70	79.60
sST-2	0.681	0.001	121.69	55.90	79.60
hs-CRP	0.705	0.000	3.93	64.40	75.50
Lactic acid	0.704	0.000	5.76	78.00	63.30
CK-MB	0.702	0.000	76.96	55.90	77.60
cTnI	0.656	0.005	3.98	86.40	44.90

MPO: Myeloperoxidase; sST2: Soluble ST2; hs-CRP: Hypersensitive C-reactive protein; CK-MB: Creatine kinase isoenzyme; cTnI: Cardiac troponin I.

Table 7 Receiver operating characteristic curve parameters for predicting mortality

Parameter	Area under curve	P value	Cut off value	Sensitivity (%)	Specificity (%)
MPO	0.724	0.000	3.36	54.90	86.50
sST-2	0.800	0.000	114.52	60.60	91.90
hs-CRP	0.689	0.001	3.48	73.20	64.90
Lactic acid	0.691	0.001	5.39	64.80	70.30

MPO: Myeloperoxidase; sST2: Soluble ST2; hs-CRP: Hypersensitive C-reactive protein.

Table 8 Logistic regression analysis of restoration of spontaneous circulation factors

Factor		SE	Walds	P value	OR (95%CI)
MPO	0.511	0.194	6.938	0.000	1.667 (1.140-2.438)
sST-2	0.463	0.135	11.762	0.000	1.589 (1.219-2.070)
hs-CRP	0.343	0.112	9.379	0.000	1.409 (1.131-1.755)

OR: Odds ratios; MPO: Myeloperoxidase; sST2: Soluble ST2; hs-CRP: Hypersensitive C-reactive protein.

Table 9 Logistic regression analysis of death factors

Factor		SE	Walds	P value	OR (95%CI)
MPO	0.485	0.182	7.101	0.000	1.624 (1.137-2.320)
sST-2	0.422	0.121	12.163	0.000	1.525 (1.203-1.933)
hs-CRP	0.372	0.109	11.648	0.000	1.451 (1.172-1.796)
lactic acid	0.311	0.123	6.393	0.000	1.365 (1.072-1.737)

OR: Odds ratios; CI: Confidence interval; MPO: Myeloperoxidase; sST2: Soluble ST2; hs-CRP: Hypersensitive C-reactive protein.