Improving rehabilitation and quality of life after percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography drainage with a rapid rehabilitation model

doi:10.12998/wjcc.v9.i34.10530

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Dec 6, 2021 (publication date) through Apr 10, 2025

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World Journal of Clinical Cases

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2307-8960

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Retrospective Study

World J Clin Cases. Dec 6, 2021; 9(34): 10530-10539
Published online Dec 6, 2021. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i34.10530

Table 1 Demographic characteristics, n (%)

Parameters	Control group (n = 59)	Observation group (n = 59)
Sex
Male	34 (57.63)	32 (54.24)
Female	25 (42.37)	27 (45.76)
Age (yr)	62.95 ± 9.02	62.01 ± 9.75
Obstruction site
Low	37 (62.71)	31 (52.54)
High position	22 (37.29)	28 (47.46)
Disease type
Hilar cholangiocarcinoma	33 (55.93)	30 (50.08)
Middle-lower cholangiocarcinoma	14 (23.73)	15 (25.42)
Pancreatic Head Cancer	4 (6.78)	8 (13.56)
Ampullary carcinoma	8 (13.56)	6 (16.95)
Education
Junior high school and below	8 (13.56)	10 (16.95)
Technical secondary school and high school	19 (32.30)	17 (28.81)
College degree and above	32 (54.24)	32 (54.24)
Medical insurance
Medical insurance	31 (52.54)	27 (45.76)
Business insurance	16 (27.12)	17 (28.81)
Own expense	12 (20.34)	15 (25.42)

Table 2 Hospitalization after percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography drainage

Group	No. of days	Pipeline-related admissions^c
Control	15.23 ± 3.02	8 (13.56)
Observation	13.12 ± 2.15^a	1 (1.69)^a

^aP < 0.05 vs control group.

^cP < 0.05 vs control 3 mo after surgery.

Data are n (%) or mean ± SD.

Table 3 Alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, total bilirubin, and total bile acid before and after percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography drainage (mean ± SD)

Group	ALP (U/L)		ALT (U/L)		TBIL (μmol/L)		TBA (U/L)
Group	Before	After	Before	After	Before	After	Before	After
Control	405.63 ± 53.69	195.89 ± 23.16^a	121.36 ± 29.12	49.23 ± 6.02^a	212.03 ± 41.26	113.30 ± 24.03^a	115.23 ± 15.86	28.23 ± 8.12^a
Observation	412.05 ± 48.76	184.25 ± 18.44^a^,^c	123.63 ± 25.78	42.02 ± 5.69^a^,^c	204.96 ± 42.84	104.89 ± 16.45^a^,^c	113.86 ± 19.14	10.26 ± 2.47^a^,^c

^aP < 0.05 vs pre-intervention.

^cP < 0.05 vs control group.

ALP: Alkaline phosphatase; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; TBA: Total bile acid; TBIL: Total bilirubin.

Table 4 White blood cell count and C-reactive protein before and after percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography drainage (mean ± SD)

Group	WBC (× 10⁹/L)		CRP (mg/L)
Group	Before	After	Before	After
Control	14.69 ± 2.15	8.45 ± 1.03^a	49.63 ± 5.23	23.03 ± 4.11^a
Observation	14.71 ± 2.32	7.91 ± 0.89^a^,^c	50.01 ± 5.41	17.56 ± 2.53^a^,^c

^aP < 0.05 vs before percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography drainage.

^cP < 0.05 vs control group.

CRP: C-reactive protein; WBC: White blood cells.

Table 5 Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography drainage prolapse, n (%)

Group	None	Partial	Complete	Escape rate
Control	48 (81.36)	8 (13.56)	3 (5.08)	11 (18.64)
Observation	57 (96.61)	2 (3.39)	0 (0.00)	2 (3.39)^a

^aP < 0.05 vs control group.

Table 6 Complications after percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography drainage, n (%)

Group	Bleeding	Pancreatitis	Biliary tract	Blocked stent infection	Total
Control	3 (5.08)	1 (1.69)	4 (6.78)	2 (3.39)	10 (16.95)
Observation	1 (1.69)	0 (0.00)	2 (3.39)	0 (0.00)	3 (5.08)^a

^aP < 0.05 vs control group.

Table 7 Tube-related knowledge mastery scores before and after percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography drainage (mean ± SD)

Group	PTCD tube care		Complications		Drainage fluid		Wound care
Group	Before	After	Before	After	Before	After	Before	After
Control	5.15 ± 0.54	7.23 ± 0.46^c	4.85 ± 0.39	7.14 ± 0.55^c	5.03 ± 0.41	7.25 ± 0.45^c	5.63 ± 0.41	7.74 ± 0.46^c
Observation	5.06 ± 0.61	8.72 ± 0.51^a^,^c	4.82 ± 0.45	8.83 ± 0.57^a^,^c	5.10 ± 0.38	8.57 ± 0.43^a^,^c	5.58 ± 0.46	9.14 ± 0.41^a^,^c

^aP < 0.05 vs before percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography drainage.

^cP < 0.05 vs control group.

PTCD: Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography drainage.

Table 8 Quality of life scores before and after percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography drainage (mean ± SD, min)

Parameter	Control group		Observation group
Parameter	Before	After	Before	After
Fatigue	78.23 ± 8.69	32.63 ± 5.36	77.96 ± 10.03	23.05 ± 4.96
Pain	66.23 ± 9.65	35.26 ± 4.85	65.96 ± 10.02	19.36 ± 5.02
Nausea and vomiting	68.77 ± 10.45	30.36 ± 4.12	69.02 ± 9.52	18.26 ± 3.69
Itching	65.32 ± 9.21	22.05 ± 8.14	64.53 ± 10.23	14.26 ± 4.12
Emaciation	62.55 ± 4.85	41.05 ± 3.86	62.85 ± 5.17	32.63 ± 4.02
Fever	58.69 ± 8.96	27.41 ± 6.11	59.04 ± 9.41	22.03 ± 4.01

Citation: Xia LL, Su T, Li Y, Mao JF, Zhang QH, Liu YY. Improving rehabilitation and quality of life after percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography drainage with a rapid rehabilitation model. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9(34): 10530-10539
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2307-8960/full/v9/i34/10530.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v9.i34.10530