Prenatal diagnosis of isolated lateral facial cleft by ultrasonography and three-dimensional printing: A case report

Table 1 Cases prenatally diagnosed with lateral facial cleft

Ref.	Age	Gravida/para	Gestational age at the time of diagnosis	Bilateral or unilateral macrostomia	Method for first detection	Associated systemic disorders	Combined anomalies	Outcome
Cavaco-Gomes et al[15]	35	G4P1	21 wk	Unilateral	2DUS	Negative	Low-set dysmorphological left external ear	Termination
Lee M et al[12]	36	G3P2	25 wk	Bilateral	3DUS	Negative	Negative	Cesarean section
Chang et al[3]	33	G3P2	24 wk	Unilateral	3DUS	Negative	Skin tag	Natural labor
Asai et al[21]	27	G1P0	31 wk	Bilateral	3DUS	OAVS	Negative	Cesarean section
Pilu et al[13]	29	N/A	21 wk	Unilateral	2DUS	Negative	Single umbilical artery, skin tags	Termination
Witters et al[5]	20	N/A	32 wk	Unilateral	2DUS	OAVS	Single umbilical artery, cardiac atrial septum defect	Gestation intrauterine death
Troyano Luque et al[14]	39	G3P2	29 wk	Unilateral	3DUS	Negative	Negative	Natural labor
Presti et al[10]	33	G3P0	26 wk	Bilateral	2DUS	Negative	Negative	Cesarean section
Kubo et al[4]	39	G3P2	29 wk	Bilateral	3DUS/4DUS	TCS	Negative except TCS	Cesarean section
Pereira et al[17]	24	G1P0	33 wk	Bilateral	2DUS	TCS	Negative except TCS	Cesarean section
Current case	31	G2P1	22 wk	Unilateral	2DUS	Negative	Skin tag	Termination

N/A: Not applicable; 2/3/4DUS: Two-/three-/four-dimensional ultrasonography; OAVS: Oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum; TCS: Treacher-Collins syndrome.