Expression of caspase-3 and hypoxia inducible factor 1α in hepatocellular carcinoma complicated by hemorrhage and necrosis

Table 1 Clinical material of patients

Clinicopathological feature	Cases
Age (yr)
≤ 50	45
> 50	43
Sex
Male	45
Female	43
Tumor diameter
< 5 cm	50
≥ 5 cm	38
TNM stage
I-II	52
III	36
Differentiation degree
High differentiation	32
Medium/low differentiation	56
Lymph node metastasis
Yes	40
No	48
Hepatitis B surface antigen positivity
Yes	72
No	16
Portal vein tumor thrombus
Yes	50
No	38

Table 2 Comparison of caspase-3 and hypoxia inducible factor 1α expression in hepatocellular carcinoma and paracancerous tissues, n (%)

Group	Cases	Positive expression rate of caspase-3	Positive expression rate of HIF-1α
HCC tissues	88	24 (27.27)	64 (72.73)
Paracancerous tissues	88	72 (81.82)	28 (31.82)
χ2		52.800	29.516
P value		0.000	0.000

HIF-1α: hypoxia inducible factor 1α; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma.

Table 3 Relationship between expression of caspase-3 and hypoxia inducible factor 1α and clinical pathology of hepatocellular carcinoma, n (%)

Clinicopathological feature	Cases	Positive expression rate of caspase-3	χ2	P value	Positive expression rate of HIF-1α	χ2	P value
Age (yr)			0.499	0.480		0.017	0.896
≤ 50	45	5 (11.11)			33 (73.33)
> 50	43	7 (16.28)			31 (72.09)
Sex			0.288	0.591		0.121	0.728
Male	45	7 (15.56)			32 (71.11)
Female	43	5 (11.63)			32 (74.42)
Tumor diameter			0.013	0.909		1.305	0.253
< 5 cm	50	7 (14.00)			34 (68.00)
≥ 5 cm	38	5 (13.16)			30 (78.95)
TNM stage			4.639	0.031		5.502	0.019
I-II	52	11 (21.15)			33 (63.46)
III	36	1 (2.78)			31 (86.11)
Differentiation degree			0.506	0.477		0.018	0.892
High differentiation	32	4 (12.50)			23 (71.88)
Medium/low differentiation	56	8 (14.29)			41 (73.21)
Lymph node metastasis			7.723	0.005		11.619	0.001
Yes	40	1 (2.50)			22 (55.00)
No	48	11 (22.92)			42 (87.50)
HbsAg positivity			0.000	1.000		0.497	0.481
Yes	72	10 (13.89)			54 (75.00)
No	16	2 (12.50)			10 (62.50)
Portal vein tumor thrombus			0.013	0.909		13.617	0.035
Yes	50	7 (14.00)			44 (88.00)
No	38	5 (13.16)			22 (52.63)

HbsAg: Hepatitis B surface antigen; TNM: Tumor node metastasis; HIF-1α: Hypoxia inducible factor 1α.

Table 4 Expression correlation of caspase-3 and hypoxia inducible factor 1α

Caspase-3 expression	HIF-1α		rs	P value
	Positive	Negative
Positive	3	9	-0.426	0.000
Negative	61	15

HIF-1α: Hypoxia inducible factor 1α.

Table 5 Multivariate analysis

Index	Hazard ratio (95%CI)	P value
TNM stage	1.822 (1.322-3.154)	0.000
Portal vein tumor thrombus	1.201 (1.092-2.822)	0.000
Lymph node metastasis	1.143 (1.022-2.560)	0.000
Caspase-3	0.773 (0.573-0.882)	0.000
HIF-1α	1.211 (1.034-2.432)	0.000

TNM: Tumor node metastasis; HIF-1α: Hypoxia inducible factor 1α.