Intraoperative systemic vascular resistance is associated with postoperative nausea and vomiting after laparoscopic hysterectomy

Table 1 Perioperative variables

Variables	PONV group (n = 128)	Non-PONV group (n = 100)	P value
Patient characteristics
Age (yr)	50.3 ± 7.7	50.9 ± 6.2	0.672
BMI (kg/m²)	25.7 ± 3.6	24.6 ± 2.4	0.064
Hb (g/L)	121.7 ± 21.1	121.1 ± 20.4	0.902
Hct (%)	37.8 ± 5.1	37.5 ± 5.3	0.822
Past medical history
Hypertension, n (%)	22 (45.8)	26 (54.2)	0.250
Diabetes mellitus, n (%)	15 (53.6)	13 (46.4)	0.553
SVR
SVR baseline (dyn*s/cm5)	1436 ± 335	1272 ± 367	0.029
SVR mean (dyn*s/cm5)	1543 ± 386	1347 ± 322	0.050
SVR AUC (dyn*s/cm5*min)	4.53 ± 0.37	4.25 ± 0.47	0.015
SVR AUC weighted (dyn*s/cm *min*min-1)	5.25 ± 0.83	4.92 ± 0.97	0.160
Anesthetic agents and drugs
Remifentanil (mg)	1.1 ± 0.6	1.0 ± 0.4	0.406
Sufentanil (μg)	109.6 ± 20.2	118.4 ± 16.3	0.491
Duration of surgery (min)	191.1 ± 74.8	134.6 ± 53.8	0.017
Intraoperative input and output
Crystalloid (mL)	1559.6 ± 483.6	1519.6 ± 590.9	0.704
Urine output (mL)	527.5 ± 259.5	455.9 ± 262.2	0.261
Estimated blood loss (mL)	115.6 ± 97.9	106.2 ± 128.6	0.275
Postoperative complications
VAS score	3.9 ± 1.9	2.8 ± 1.7	0.414
Sleep quality score	5.7 ± 2.3	6.8 ± 2.2	0.020
Time to walk (h)	21.6 ± 7.7	19.6 ± 6.2	0.173
Time to diet (h)	11.0 (7.0, 16.3)	7.0 (6.0, 9.4)	0.012
Length of hospital stay after surgery (h)	109.6 ± 42.7	118.4 ± 58.3	0.379

Data are expressed as mean ± SD or median and IQR (P25, P75) or n (%).VAS score is the most severe within 24 h after surgery. Sleep quality score is the first night after surgery. The time to diet is the time from the end of the surgery to when the patient started to ingest something other than water without vomiting. BMI: Body mass index; PONV: Postoperative nausea and vomiting; AUC: Area under curve; SVR: Systemic vascular resistance.

Table 2 Predictors of postoperative nausea and vomiting

Variables	Univariate analysis	Binary logistic regression analysis
	P value	OR (95%CI)	P value
Duration of surgery (min)	0.017	1.316 (1.003-2.030)	0.012
SVR mean (dyn*s/cm5)	0.050	1.015 (1.005-1.109)	0.047
BMI (kg/m2)	0.064		0.410
SVR baseline (dyn*s/cm5)	0.029		0.189
SVR AUC (dyn*s/cm5*min)	0.015		0.969

SVR: Systemic vascular resistance; AUC: Area under curve; OR: Odds ratio; BMI: Body mass index.