Emergency surgery in COVID-19 outbreak: Has anything changed? Single center experience

Table 1 Baseline characteristics and perioperative variables of all study population

	Year of surgery (between March and April), 2019 (n = 46), 2020 (n = 27)
Sex, n (%)
Male	25 (54.3), 15 (55.5)
Female	21 (45.7), 12 (44.5)
Mean age	65 (20-92), 63.5 (30-87)
American Society of Anaesthesiologists score, n (%)
1	3 (6.5) 0
2	12 (26.2), 4 (14.9)
3	25 (54.3), 21 (77.7)
4	5 (10.8), 2 (7.4)
5	1 (2.2), 0

Table 2 Admission for specific diagnosis and type of surgery in 2019 and 2020

Procedure [n (%)], 2019 (n = 46)	2020 (n = 27)
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy 8 (17.4)	3 (11.1)
Laparotomy cholecystectomy 2 (4.3)	3 (11.1)
Appendectomy 9 (19.7)	0
Hemothorax/Pneumothorax/Pleural effusion 4 (8.6)	4 (14.9)
Gastrointestinal perforation 5 (10.9)	3 (11.1)
Bowel obstruction 7 (15.2)	9 (33.3)
Bowel infarction 3 (6.5)	1 (3.7)
Hemoperitoneum evacuation 3 (6.5)	0
Gastrointestinal bleeding 1 (2.2)	1 (3.7)
Fasciotomy/Abcess drainage/hematoma drainage 3 (6.5)	3 (11.1)
Other surgery 1 (2.2)	0
Total postoperative hospital length of stay (d) 16.5 (1-53)	12.9 (3-35)

Table 3 Surgical outcomes and vital status for emergency surgery2019 (n = 46), 2020 (n = 27)

Post-operative complications 17 (36.9), 15 (55.5)
Alive 37 (80.4), 24 (88.9)
Dead 9 (19.6), 3 (11.1)

Table 4 Preoperative investigations and coronavirus diseasepositive patients

Screening for COVID-19	Data lockdown 2020 (n = 27)
Only HRTC for COVID-19, n (%)	9 (33.3)
Pharyngeal swab and HRTC for COVID-19, n (%)	10 (37)
Swab (positive for SARS-CoV-2)	1 (3.7)
Swab (negative for SARS-CoV-2)	9 (96.3)

HRTC: High resolution computerized tomography; COVID-19: Coronavirus disease 19.