Opinion Review
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2020.
World J Clin Cases. Aug 26, 2020; 8(16): 3377-3389
Published online Aug 26, 2020. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v8.i16.3377
Table 1 Studies of novel computerized psychometric tests for screening minimal hepatic encephalopathy
Ref.LocationNumber of cirrhotic patientsGold standardOptimal cut-offAUROC (sensitivity/specificity)
Inhibitory control test
Bajaj et al[6]United States50SPT> 5 lures0.96 (90%/90%)
Bajaj et al[8]United States135SPT> 5 lures0.90 (87%/77%)
Gupta et al[9]India200PHES> 14 lures0.86 (93%/78%)
Sharma et al[27]India50PHES> 17 lures0.70 (89%/56%)
Taneja et al[10]India102PHES> 14 lures0.75 (78%/65%)
Duarte-Rojo et al[40]United States437PHES> 5 lures0.561 (45%/67%)
Pawar et al[24]India180PHES> 14 lures0.72 (79%/66%)
EncephalApp Stroop App
Bajaj et al[14]United States125PHES> 274.9 s0.84 (88%/78%)
Bajaj et al[13]United States167SPT> 190 s0.88 (80%/81%)
Allampati et al[12]United States437PHES/ICT> 195.9 sPHES: 0.80 (80%/61%)
ICT: 0.80 (72%/54%)
Duarte-Rojo et al[40]United States437PHES> 195.9 s0.59 (70%/48%)
Critical flicker frequency
Kircheis et al[46]Germany92Vienna Test System< 39 Hz0.72 (55%/100%)
Romero-Gómez et al[15]Spain114PHES< 38 Hz0.79 (72%/77%)
Sharma et al[49]India110NCT-A/B< 39 Hz0.80 (65%/91%)
Metwally et al[17]Egypt86PHES< 39 Hz0.94 (91%/92%)
Coşkun et al[48]Turkey70PHES< 39 Hz0.71 (39%/82%)
StroopEffect-2
Suresh et al[54]India37RAKIT> 180.4 s0.97 (100%/89.6%)
eNCT
Wuensch et al[55]Germany112PHES10″ (18″)0.92 (82%/85%)
CDR assessment battery
Mardini et al[57]United Kingdom89PHES-5 to 150.917 (86.4%/81%)
CNSVS
Prakash et al[60]United States100PHES> 2 SD0.74 (85%/64%)
ImPACT
Tsushima et al[62]United States90SPT> 2 SD0.78 (62.5%/94.7%)