Direct oral anticoagulants vs low-molecular-weight heparins for cancer-associated thromboembolism

doi:10.12998/wjcc.v14.i17.118087

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World Journal of Clinical Cases

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2307-8960

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World J Clin Cases. Jun 16, 2026; 14(17): 118087
Published online Jun 16, 2026. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v14.i17.118087

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the studies

Ref.	Study design	Country	Intervention	Control	Total sample size	Patients in the intervention group	Patients in the control group	Mean age (DOAC/ LMWH)	Sex (female)	Mean BMI	Metastasis	Platelets	Creatinine clearance
Schrag et al[44], 2023	Randomized clinical trial	United states	DOAC	LMWH	638	308	64	64/62	181/171	27.8/28	70/68	< 100 k	-
Planquette et al[45], 2022	Randomized clinical trial	France	Rivaroxaban	Dalteparin	158	84	68.6	68.6/70.7	37/40	-	76.8/75.6	< 100 k	30-50
García-Escobar et al[41], 2021	Randomized clinical trial	Multinational	Apixaban	Dalteparin	1155	579	67.2	67.2/67.2	-	-	-	8.3/13.7	< 50
Longo de Oliveira et al[46], 2022	Randomized clinical trial	Brazil	Rivaroxaban	Enoxaparin	228	114	52.67	52.67/54.67	-	28.1/28.5	98/95	-	-
Borsi et al[17], 2021	Randomized clinical trial	Iran	Rivaroxaban	Enoxaparin	50	25	25	53.80/52.08	12/10	22.95/22.43	17/8	-	-
Lee et al[18], 2020	Randomized clinical trial	Korea	Rivaroxaban	Dalteparin	162	102	60	56.90/56.27	-		79/50	8.3/13.7	-
Guntupalli et al[47], 2020	Randomized clinical trial	Aurora and California	Apixaban	Enoxaparin	400	204	196	58.0/58.5	-	27.4/26.5	-	-	-
Young et al[31], 2018	Randomized clinical trial	United kingdom	Rivaroxaban	Dalteparin	406	203	203	67/67	87/105	26.7/26.6	181/181	-	-
Coleman et al[48], 2023	Retrospective cohort study	United states	Rivaroxaban	LMWH	3708	1093	2615	-	-	-	-	242.2/243	-
Dong et al[49], 2024	Retrospective cohort study	Shanghai	Rivaroxaban	LMWH	200	100	100	70/68	36/31	22.9/22.7	8/17	214/236	64/64
Ross et al[50], 2017	Retrospective cohort study	United states	Rivaroxaban	Enoxaparin	153	30	123	62/57.33	57/56	-	-	245/215.6	86/84.33
Riaz et al[43], 2023	Retrospective cohort study	United states	DOAC	LMWH	3640	2152	1488	67.4/63.4	1129/729	-	1164/1104	-	-
Linder et al[19], 2024	Retrospective cohort study	Sweden	Rivaroxaban	LMWH	5464	282	5183		137/2952	-	-	-	-
Kengkla et al[51], 2024	Retrospective cohort study	Thailand	DOAC	LMWH	1449	64	1385	63.2/58.5	41/854	22.7/22.3	37/840	16/467	0.87/0.92
Cominacini et al[52], 2022	Retrospective cohort study	Italy	DOAC	LMWH	209	95	114	658/69	45/52	-	60/88	223/240	0.81/0.82
Song et al[53], 2023	Retrospective cohort study	China	Rivaroxaban	LMWH	382	191	191	65/64	44.5%/44.5%	-	-	-	-
Costa et al[54], 2020	Retrospective cohort study	United states	Rivaroxaban	LMWH	1058	529	529	73/72	395/397	-	-	-	32.50%/32.90%
Abbas et al[55], 2025	Retrospective cohort study	Canada	Apixaban	LMWH (mainly dalteparin)	42	16	19	66/60	43.8/63.2	-	37.5/21.1	-	-
Cohen et al[56], 2024	Retrospective cohort study	United states	Apixaban	LMWH	16372	13564	2808	63.8/63.5	53.1%/53.7%	-	39.5/41.9	-	-
Bang et al[57], 2021	Retrospective cohort study	Korea	DOAC	LMWH	623	132	119	63.6/63.4	69/63	24/23.4	55/82	237.8/226.5	57/51
Lee et al[58], 2021	Retrospective cohort study	United states	DOAC	Enoxaprin	111	55	56	62.9/61.8	24/26	27.4/27.9	10/11	244.6/236.5	45/52
Recio-Boiles et al[59], 2019	Retrospective cohort study	United states	DOAC	LMWH	106	66	40	67/66	25/22	-	-	-	-
Chaudhury et al[60], 2018	Retrospective cohort study	United states	Rivaroxaban	Dalteparin	286	107	179	69.2/59.3	51/88	29/28.6	53/93	216/219.8	6/14
Lee et al[61], 2019	Retrospective cohort study	South korea	Rivaroxaban	Dalteparin	204	131	73	66.79/64.25	52/30	-	103/68	-	-
Cohen et al[62], 2025	Retrospective cohort study	United kingdom	Rivaroxaban.	LMWH	2259	314	1945	72.4/66.9	166/1143	-	-	-	-
Phelps et al[63], 2019	Retrospective cohort study	United states	Rivaroxaban, apixaban, dabigatran	Enoxaparin and dalteparin	480	190	290	58/58	103/144	30/29	93/161	233/219	4/2
McBane et al[64], 2017	Randomized noninferiority clinical trial	Egypt	Apixaban	Enoxaparin	100	50	50	61.26/59.94	30/28	-	40/44	-	-
McBane et al[64], 2017	Randomized superiority clinical trial	United states	Apixaban	Dalteparin	300	150	150	64.4/64	78/77	-	-	10/13	14/14
Raskob et al[40], 2018	Randomized noninferiority clinical trial	14 countries	Edoxaban	Dalteparin	1046	522	524	64.3/63.7	-	-	274/280	32/23	38/34

DOAC: Direct oral anticoagulants; LMWH: Low molecular weight heparin.

Full Size Table

Table 2 Meta-regression table for outcomes

Variable	Estimate	P value	95% confidence interval	tau²	I² (%)	R² (%)
Meta-regression table for major bleeding
Age	-0.0001	0.9977	-0.082 to 0.0817	0.188	60.02	0.00
BMI	-0.0937	0.2118	-0.240 to 0.053	0.00	0.00	100
Creatinine	0.5628	0.1038	-0.115 to 1.240	0.044	17.42	57.23
Females	0.4637	0.2794	-0.376 to 1.303	0.191	65	9.93
Metastasis	1.906	0.008	0.497-3.315	0.094	48.59	58.38
Platelets	-0.218	0.38	-0.706 to 0.269	0.018	7.62	0.00
Meta-regression table for minor bleeding
Age	-0.046	0.338	-0.140 to 0.048	0.138	27.92	0.00
Females	3.13	0.036	0.204-6.055	0.00	0.00	100
Metastasis	1.324	0.436	-2.007 to 4.655	0.083	18.7	31.78
Meta-regression table for all-cause mortality
Age	-0.017	0.373	-0.057 to 0.021	0.05	71.01	0.48
BMI	-0.012	0.832	-0.122 to 0.098	0.044	39.07	0.00
Creatinine	0.341	0.066	-0.023 to 0.706	0.034	63.26	23.99
Females	1.396	0.116	-0.346 to 3.140	0.261	92.82	15.48
Metastasis	0.668	0.026	0.079-1.257	0.019	52.2	45.59
Thrombocytopenia	0.277	0.009	0.486-0.067	0.009	35.75	56.19
Meta-regression table for venous thromboembolism
Age	0.0016	0.95	-0.050 to 0.053	0.071	46.36	0.00
BMI	-0.05	0.48	-0.191 to 0.090	0.128	41.53	0.00
Creatinine	-0.206	0.447	-0.739 to 0.326	0.033	26.18	0.00
Females	-0.554	0.267	-1.536 to 0.426	0.341	88.24	4.64
Metastasis	0.053	0.922	-1.019 to 1.125	0.089	57.65	0.00
Platelets	0.100	0.576	-0.251 to 0.451	0.013	10.66	0.00

BMI: Body mass index.

Full Size Table

Citation: Haider F, Ahmed F, Junaid Y, Khalid M, Dar A, Arham M, Ullah A, Aliha S, Arshad MU, Naeem K, Ali Hashim MM, Gohar N, Ricciuti A, Bhanderi V, Alenezi F, Patel B. Direct oral anticoagulants vs low-molecular-weight heparins for cancer-associated thromboembolism. World J Clin Cases 2026; 14(17): 118087
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2307-8960/full/v14/i17/118087.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v14.i17.118087

Haider F, Ahmed F, Junaid Y, Khalid M, Dar A, Arham M, Ullah A, Aliha S, Arshad MU, Naeem K, Ali Hashim MM, Gohar N, Ricciuti A, Bhanderi V, Alenezi F, Patel B. Direct oral anticoagulants vs low-molecular-weight heparins for cancer-associated thromboembolism. World J Clin Cases 2026; 14(17): 118087 [DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v14.i17.118087]

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